Table 2.

Comparative studies between PMMoV and fecal indicator bacteria properties

PMMoV	Fecal indicator factor	References
It is the RNA biomarker able to offer an evaluation of viral risk in comparison to other enteric viruses	A bacterial marker may not be able to offer an evaluation of viral risk	Rosario et al. (2009)
PMMoV found at high concentration in saline water	As the salt concentration increases, the E. coli concentration decreases	Inoue et al. (2020)
SARS-CoV-2 RNA deterioration status was similar to PMMoV	Enteric viruses and fecal indicator bacteria shown large differences	Ai et al. (2021)
PMMoV is a suitable indicator for fecal contamination due to its capsid structure; it is more environmentally tolerant than E. coli, and in shallow dug	E. coli was not a great indicator	Otaki et al. (2021)
Same samples that are tested positive for presence of PMMoV 68%	Same samples that are tested negative for presence of human enteric virus or E. coli	Haramoto et al. (2013)
It shows higher concentration in feces 109 virions per gram	It is present in less concentration	Zhang et al. (2006)