Fig. 1.

Age-specific rate ratios and their 95% confidence intervals of all-cause mortality in the second (green markers) and the third waves (yellow markers) of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary compared to the same weeks in 2015–2019. Rate ratios for excess all-cause mortality with 95% confidence intervals for waves 2 and 3 were estimated for each age stratum separately using generalized linear models (Poisson distribution with log link) with age-specific mortality counts as the dependent variable; age groups and time period (COVID-19 vs. control) as factors; and the natural log transformed values of the age-specific background population as offset. Abbreviations: RR: rate ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval