. 2022 Jan 12;42(2):345–357. doi: 10.1111/opo.12943

TABLE 1.

Refraction and prevalence of myopia based on the location of schools

School location	N	SE (D)	J₀ (D)	J₄₅ (D)	Myopia prevalence (%)
Urban	9611	−0.19 (SD = 1.16) 95% CI (−0.22 to −0.17)	0.13 (SD = 0.36) 95% CI (0.12–0.14)	0.03 (SD = 0.20) 95% CI (0.03–0.04)	16.4 95% CI (15.6–17.1)
Suburban	4731	−0.03 (SD = 0.93) 95% CI (−0.06 to −0.003)	0.10 (SD = 0.32) 95% CI (0.09–0.11)	0.02(SD = 0.19) 95% CI (0.01–0.02)	12.5 95% CI (11.6–13.5)
P Value		<0.001*	<0.001*	<0.001*	<0.001**

School location

SE (D)

J₀ (D)

J₄₅ (D)

Myopia prevalence (%)

Urban

9611

−0.19 (SD = 1.16)

95% CI (−0.22 to −0.17)

0.13 (SD = 0.36)

95% CI (0.12–0.14)

0.03 (SD = 0.20)

95% CI (0.03–0.04)

16.4

95% CI (15.6–17.1)

Suburban

4731

−0.03 (SD = 0.93)

95% CI (−0.06 to −0.003)

0.10 (SD = 0.32)

95% CI (0.09–0.11)

0.02(SD = 0.19)

95% CI (0.01–0.02)

12.5

95% CI (11.6–13.5)

P Value

<0.001*

<0.001**

Abbreviations: D, dioptres; J₀, astigmatic power vector component; J₄₅, oblique astigmatic power vector component; SE, mean spherical equivalent refraction.

*Independent samples t‐test, **Z test for proportions ‐ difference between urban and suburban children.