Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Jul 21;12:10005. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13671-7

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Ongoing declines and associations with anthropogenic sources of threat. (A) 23 anthropogenic threats (see descriptions in Table S6) plotted according to the percent of species affected by the threat with threatened status (x-axis) and with decreasing population trend (y-axis). The size of each point indicates the absolute number of species affected, ranging from fishing (n = 128) and bycatch (n = 125) to fire and aquaculture (n = 9 and 8, respectively). Points in blue are associated with at least one metric of decline. (B) The change in the log-odds of showing elevated extinction risk for species subject to each anthropogenic threat. Points to the right of the dashed vertical line (blue) indicate a significant positive association. Gray points indicate that confidence intervals overlap zero. Parameter estimates are coefficients of a binomial logistic regression model (with all other threats included), 95% confidence intervals (thin lines), and 90% confidence intervals (thick lines). (C) Associations between threats and decline in status (increasing extinction risk through time). (D) Associations between threats and a decreasing population trend.