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. 2022 Jul 1;25(8):104701. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104701

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Average proxy storage PPA threshold prices for the considered countries

Seven European countries are considered (Table 1), namely Germany (DE), Denmark (DK), Spain (ES), Italy (IT), Finland (FI), Sweden (SE), and the United Kingdom (UK). Historical (2015–2019, top) and projected (2030–2034, bottom) electricity prices and RE generation are considered for three different contractual setups, namely storage charged by using electricity from the grid (left), solar energy (center), and wind energy (right).