TABLE 1.
Participant characteristics stratified by sex. Values are mean ± SD or median (inter-quartile range) for the whole study group and those who undertook an ischaemic occlusion. ATT, adipose tissue thickness at the NIRS measurement site, BMI, body mass index, CVD, cardiovascular disease, ethnicity is E, European; SA, South Asian ; AFC, African Caribbean or OT, Other; T2DM, type-2 diabetes mellitus.
| Characteristic | Mean ± SD or median (IQR) or n(%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 558) | Sub-group (n = 149) | |||||
| Women (n = 231) | Men (n = 327) | p | Women (n = 42) | Men (n = 107) | p | |
| Age (years) | 71 ± 6 | 75 ± 6 | <0.001 | 71 ± 5 | 75 ± 6 | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity, n (E, SA, AFC, OT) | 92,54,80,5 | 156,117,54,0 | <0.001 | 18,9,14,1 | 43,50,14,0 | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.3 ± 4.9 | 27.2 ± 3.6 | 0.004 | 26.1 ± 4.1 | 26.6 ± 3.1 | 0.481 |
| ATT (cm) (n = 492) | 0.90 (0.71, 1.2) | 0.53 (0.41, 0.67) | <0.001 | 0.78 (0.62, 1.09) | 0.51 (0.40, 0.62) | <0.001 |
| T2DM n (%) | 51 (22) | 75 (23) | 0.057 | 5 (12) | 26 (24) | 0.094 |
| CVD n (%) (n = 539) | 13 (6) | 57 (18) | <0.001 | 4 (10) | 22 (21) | 0.135 |
| Steps achieved | 190 ± 73 | 227 ± 78 | <0.001 | 216 ± 65 | 238 ± 76 | 0.073 |
| VO2 achieved (ml/kg/min) (n = 495) | 14.7 ± 3.8 | 17.1 ± 4.4 | <0.001 | 16.8 ± 3.6 | 17.9 ± 4.2 | 0.125 |
| Occlusion duration (s) | - | - | - | 208 ± 77 | 211 ± 66 | 0.830 |
| Arterial saturation <95% during exercise n (%) (n = 446) | 16 (8.3) | 15 (6.0) | 0.345 | 3 (8.6) | 4 (4.6) | 0.393 |