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. 2022 Jul 8;9:950292. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.950292

Table 3.

Intraoperation findings of CEF with and without GI.

intraoperation findings (n = 29) n (%) value
Diagnostic characteristics for CEF
 Preoperative considerations 17(58.6)
 Intraoperative diagnosis 12(41.4)
Distribution of CEF
 CDF without GI/CDF with GI 6(20.7)/11(37.9)
 CCF without GI /CCF with GI 6(20.7)/0(0)
 CGF without GI /CGF with GI 2(6.9)/1(3.4)
 CDF without GI and CGF without GI 1(3.4)
 Mirizzi syndrome and CDF 2(6.8)
Surgical method
 Laparoscopy 13(44.8)
 Conversion 8(27.6)
 Open 8(27.6)
Surgical procedure
aEnterolithotomy 6(20.7)
aEnterolithotomy + cholecystectomy + fistula repair 5(17.2)
aEnterolithotomy + cholecystostomy 1(3.4)
bCholecystectomy + fistula repair 11(37.9)
bCholecystectomy + choledocholithotmy + fistula repair + T-tube insertion 5(17.2)
bCholecystectomy + Billroth II 1(3.4)
Closure method of the fistula (n = 20)
 Fistula resected and simply interrupted sutures 18(90)
 Applyingby Endo-GIA device 1(5)
 Billroth II (completely fistula resection) 1(5)
Histopathologic revealing gallbladder cancer (n = 22) 1(4.5)
Operation time (min) 157(65–360)
Blood loss (ml) 40(10–450)
Size of fistula (cm) 1.4(0.5–3)
Postoperative ICU management 4(13.8)
Hospital stays (days) 16(5–40)
a

CEF with GI.

b

CEF without GI.