Table 1.
Prevalence of dyspnea in patients with atrial fibrillation.
|
Study |
Country |
Number of participants |
Mean age |
Atrial fibrillation type |
Heart failure (%) |
Obstructive respiratory diseases (%) |
Dyspnea most common symptom |
Prevalence of dyspnea (%) |
Symptom assessment |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First episode (%) | Paroxysmal (%) | Persistent (%) | Permanent (%) | |||||||||
| Bin Salih et al, 2011S1 | Saudi Arabia | 720 | unknown | - | 21.8 | 78.1a | - | 26.2 | 31.8 | Yes | 59.3 | Self-reported symptoms |
| Blum et al, 2017S2 | Switzerland | 1542 | 70.4 ± 10.7 67.2 ± 11.9b | – | 55.7 | 23.9 | 20.4 | 20.4 | – | Yesc | 25.9 | Questionnaires by study personnel, unspecified |
| Dhungel et al, 2017S3 | Nepal | 205 | 63.95 ± 16.5 | – | 43.4 | 36.1 | 20.5 | 56.5 | 12.3 | Yes | 41 | Self-reported symptoms |
| Freestone et al, 2003S4 | Malaysia | 40 | 65 ± 10.3 | 52.5 | 17.5 | 30a | – | 40 | 7.5 | Yes | 40 | Self-reported symptoms |
| Guerra et al, 2017S5 | Multiple countries in Europe | 3607 | 66 ± 12.6 | 17.6 | 28.2 | 22.8 | 29.4 | 28.7 | 12.0 | No | 42.6 | Self-reported symptoms |
| Lip et al, 2015S6 | Multiple countries in Europe | 3119 | 68.8 ± 11.5 | 30.3 | 26.5 | 26 | 17.3 | 47.5 | 11.0 | No | 53.7 | Unspecified |
| Lok et al, 1995S7 | Hong Kong | 291 | 73 ± 12 | – | – | – | – | 22 | 9.6 | No | 38.1 | Self-reported symptoms |
| Schnabel et al, 2018S8 | Multiple countries in Europe | 6196 | 71.8 ± 10.4 | – | – | – | – | 28.6 | – | No | 66.2 | EHRA score |
Abbreviations: EHRA = European Heart Rhythm Association.
NB: references from this table can be found in the supplementary material.
a
persistent and permanent together defined as ‘’chronic’’ bmean age in women and men, respectively cIn patients with non-paroxysmal AF.