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. 2022 Jul 8;10:944813. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.944813

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Natural history of a fetus with critical aortic stenosis. The evolution of a hypoplastic left heart syndrome in a fetus with critical aortic stenosis is shown. The fetus was diagnosed at 24 + 1 weeks of gestation with a severely dilated and poorly contracting, but apex forming left ventricle (A). Five weeks later the fetus showed marked signs of left ventricular hypoplasia and severe EFE, the apex being formed by the right ventricle (B). In panel (C), the four-chamber view of the same fetus shows severe left ventricular hypoplasia in terms of a hypoplastic left heart syndrome making a univentricular palliation inevitable. EFE, endocardial fibroelastosis; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle.