TABLE 1.

Groupings of thalamic nuclei along with their predominant functions (Bocchetta et al., 2020; Halassa and Kastner, 2017; Hallock et al., 2016; Hwang et al., 2017; Purpura and Schiff, 1997; Ilyas et al., 2019; van der Werf et al., 2002), and the individual nuclei in each grouping (Iglesias et al., 2018)

Grouping	Functions	Individual Nuclei
Specific sensory	Primary visual, auditory, and somatosensory	LGN, MGN, VPL
Associative‐sensory	Higher‐order visual, somatosensory, visual–spatial integration	Pul, LP
Associative‐cognitive	Learning, memory, cognition, emotion regulation	AV, LD, MD, MV‐re, Pt
Intralaminar	Arousal, alerting, pain	CeM, CL, Pc, CM, Pf
Motor	Motor, oculomotion, motor planning	VA, VL, VM

Abbreviations: AV, anteroventral; CeM, central medial; CL, central lateral; CM, centromedian; LD, laterodorsal; LGN, lateral geniculate nucleus; LP, lateral posterior; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MD, mediodorsal; MV‐re, reuniens (medial ventral); Pc, paracentral; Pf, parafascicular; Pul, pulvinar; Pt, parateniens; VA, ventral anterior; VL, ventral lateral; VM, ventromedial.