TABLE 4.

Findings of included postmortem studies in animals

Author, Year	Groups compared in study	Sample	Results	Risks of bias	Reference (DOI)
Gao et al., 2019	CUS+FLUOX vs. CUS w/o FLUOX vs. control	Adult male SD rats (10–12 weeks old)	CUS w/o FLUOX vs. control Total length of myelinated fibers ↓ Total volume of myelinated fibers ↓ Mean volume of WM ↓	1 strain 1 sex (♂) 1 age group	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2018.11.013
Cathomas et al., 2019	CSS vs. control CNP1 +/− + CSS vs. CNP wild‐type CSS	Adult male C57BL/6 mice (12–13 weeks old)	CSS vs. control OL‐related gene expression in PFC and AMY WM ↓ CNP1 +/− + CSS vs. CNP wild‐type CSS Social interaction ↓ Microglia activity ↑	1 strain Small sample size (N = 12)	https://doi.org/10.1111/gbb.12475
Xiao et al., 2018	DEP + exercise vs. DEP w/o exercise vs. control	Adult male SD rats	DEP w/o exercise vs. control Sucrose preference ↓ Length and volume of myelinated fibers ↓ Thickness of myelin sheath ↓ DEP+ exercise vs. DEP w/o exercise Sucrose preference ↑ Length and volume of myelinated fibers ↑ Thickness of myelin sheath ↑	1 strain 1 sex (♂)	https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24350
Gao et al., 2017	CUS vs. control	Adult male SD rats (10–12 weeks old)	In CUS: MBP ↓ Total WM volume ↓ Total fiber length ↓ Mean diameter ↓	1 strain 1 sex (♂) 1 age group	https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24178
Chen et al., 2016	CUS + exercise vs. CUS w/o exercise vs. control	Adult male SD rats	CUS w/o exercise vs. control Total WM volume ↓ Total WM capillary volume ↓ Total WM capillary length ↓ Total WM capillary surface area ↓ No significant difference between CUS + exercise vs. control	1 strain 1 sex (♂)	https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24017
Miyata et al., 2016	CUS vs. control	Adult male C57/BL6 mice (11 weeks old)	In CUS: NoR and PoR narrower in the CC CASPR expression ↓ Neurofascin ↓	1 strain 1 sex (♂) 1 age group	https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23084
Wang et al., 2014	CMS+DVFX vs. CMS w/o DVFX vs. control	Adult female C57/BL6 mice (6 weeks old)	CMS w/o DVFX vs. control Myelin‐related proteins ↓ OL‐related proteins ↓ Sucrose consumption ↓ Mobility time in TST ↓ Mobility time in FST ↓ No significant difference between CMS+ DVFX vs. control	1 strain 1 sex (♀) 1 age group	https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.12792
Hagemeyer et al., 2012, a	CNP +/− vs. wild‐type	Adult mice (4–26 months old)	CNP +/‐ mice: Astrocytes in CC ↑ Microglia in CC ↑ T‐Lymphocytes in CC ↑ APP ↑ All alterations age dependent	1 strain	https://doi.org/10.1002/emmm.201200230
Gosselin et al., 2009	WKY rats vs. SD rats	Adult male SD and WK rats	No significant difference in the number of astrocytes between WK and SD rats	1 rat strain as control (SD) 1 sex (♂)	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.10.018

Note: The animals studied and parameters concerning the sample composition and results are given. Moreover, risks of bias are listed per study.

^a The publication includes a part that has looked at humans. This part was not included in our review since it interferes with our exclusion criteria. The mouse studies were conducted independently of the human studies and are eligible.

Abbreviations: CC, corpus callosum; CSS, chronic social stress; CUS, chronic unpredictable stress; DEP, depressive phenotype; DVFX, desvenlafaxine; FLUOX, fluoxetine; NoR, nodes of Ranvier; w/o, without; PoR, paranodes of Ranvier; SD, Sprague–Dawley; WKY, Wistar–Kyoto.