Table 2.
Conditions that led to the highest efficiency for each solvent, and corresponding device data.[a]
|
Solvent system |
D/A |
T [°C] |
Blade speed [mm s−1] |
V oc [V] |
J sc [mA cm−2] |
FF [%] |
PCE [%] |
Number of devices per solvent system |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CPME |
1 : 0.9 |
60, 80, 105 |
90 |
0.77 |
−1.25 |
37.1 |
0.36 |
72 |
thickness, T |
|
CPME/O‐XY (0.65 : 0.35) |
0.75 : 1 |
80 |
83 |
0.69 |
−4.20 |
33.6 |
0.97 |
48 |
thickness |
|
CPME/O‐XY (1 : 1) |
1 : 0.5 |
80 |
90 |
0.77 |
−4.24 |
48.4 |
1.57 |
120 |
thickness, D/A ratio |
|
O‐XY |
1 : 0.9 |
80 |
90 |
0.75 |
−7.61 |
35.8 |
3.17 |
144 |
thickness, D/A ratio |
|
O‐XY |
1 : 0.9 |
80 |
61 |
0.91 |
−10.76 |
53.0 |
5.20 |
24 |
thickness, 2 layers[b] |
|
CB |
1 : 0.5 |
80 |
25 |
0.44 |
−2.33 |
28.5 |
0.30 |
24 |
thickness |
|
DCB |
1 : 0.75 |
105 |
61 |
0.94 |
−12.41 |
51.8 |
6.02 |
96 |
thickness, D/A ratio |
|
CB/DCB (1 : 1) |
1 : 1 |
105 |
83 |
0.94 |
−13.09 |
52.1 |
6.43 |
24 |
thickness |
|
DCB/O‐XY (1 : 1) |
0.5 : 1 |
105 |
32 |
0.88 |
−8.26 |
49.3 |
3.59 |
48 |
thickness, D/A ratio |
|
CB/O‐XY (1 : 1) |
1 : 0.75 |
80 |
10 |
0.38 |
−0.67 |
30.7 |
0.08 |
24 |
thickness |
|
DCB/CPME (1 : 1) |
1 : 0.75 |
105 |
54 |
0.57 |
−20.02 |
35.7 |
4.04 |
24 |
thickness |
[a] V oc: open‐circuit voltage; J sc: short‐circuit current density; FF: fill factor. Notes indicates the screened fabrication parameters [b] The active layer was deposited twice in a sequential deposition, keeping the thickness gradient in both layers.