TABLE 2.
Serum lipid mediator profiles in controls and patient cohorts
| Q1 | Q3 | Patients with atherosclerosis (pg/ml) | Controls (pg/ml) | p‐Value | Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DHA bioactive metabolome | ||||||
| RvD1 | 375 | 215 | 0.08 ± 0.15 | 0.05 ± 0.04 | .0371 | * |
| 17R‐RvD1 | 375 | 215 | 0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.09 ± 0.08 | .1662 | |
| RvD2 | 375 | 215 | 0.23 ± 0.75 | 0.19 ± 0.21 | .2053 | |
| RvD3 | 375 | 147 | – | – | – | |
| 17R‐RvD3 | 375 | 137 | – | – | – | |
| RvD4 | 375 | 225 | 0.23 ± 0.86 | 0.65 ± 0.35 | .3936 | |
| RvD5 | 359 | 141 | – | – | – | |
| RvD6 | 359 | 101 | 0.13 ± 0.39 | – | – | |
| PD1 | 359 | 153 | – | – | – | |
| 10S,17S‐diHDHA | 359 | 153 | – | – | – | |
| 22‐OH‐PD1 | 359 | 153 | – | – | – | |
| 17R‐PD1 | 359 | 153 | 0.09 ± 0.11 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | .0491 | * |
| PCTR1 | 650 | 231 | – | 0.34 ± 0.38 | – | |
| PCTR2 | 521 | 231 | 0.19 ± 0.25 | 0.30 ± 0.11 | .2133 | |
| PCTR3 | 464 | 231 | 0.52 ± 2.22 | 0.39 ± 0.27 | .2240 | |
| MCTR1 | 650 | 191 | – | 1.39 ± 1.29 | – | |
| MCTR2 | 521 | 191 | 0.03 ± 0.09 | 0.11 ± 0.07 | .2858 | |
| MCTR3 | 464 | 191 | 0.15 ± 0.54 | 1.75 ± 0.16 | .0003 | *** |
| MaR1 | 359 | 221 | 0.18 ± 0.64 | 1.08 ± 0.87 | .2276 | |
| 7S,14S‐diHDHA | 359 | 221 | – | – | – | |
| MaR2 | 359 | 221 | – | – | – | |
| 4S,14S‐diHDHA | 359 | 101 | – | – | – | |
| n−3 DPA bioactive metabolome | ||||||
| RvT1 | 377 | 193 | – | – | – | |
| RvT2 | 377 | 197 | – | – | – | |
| RvT3 | 377 | 197 | 0.02 ± 0.05 | – | – | |
| RvT4 | 361 | 193 | 0.12 ± 0.34 | 0.17 ± 0.09 | .2844 | |
| RvD1n−3 DPA | 377 | 215 | 0.05 ± 0.10 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | .1697 | |
| RvD2n−3 DPA | 377 | 261 | – | – | – | |
| RvD5n−3 DPA | 361 | 143 | 0.03 ± 0.11 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | .3143 | |
| PD1n−3 DPA | 361 | 183 | 0.03 ± 0.14 | 0.51 ± 0.56 | .2173 | |
| PD2n−3 DPA | 361 | 233 | – | – | – | |
| 10S, 17S‐diHDPA | 361 | 183 | – | – | – | |
| MaR1n−3 DPA | 361 | 223 | – | – | – | |
| MaR2n−3 DPA | 361 | 193 | – | – | – | |
| 7S,14S‐diHDPA | 361 | 223 | – | – | – | |
| EPA bioactive metabolome | ||||||
| RvE1 | 161 | – | – | – | ||
| RvE2 | 333 | 199 | – | – | – | |
| RvE3 | 333 | 201 | 0.29 ± 0.53 | 0.23 ± 0.19 | .0794 | |
| RvE4 | 333 | 115 | 0.79 ± 4.32 | 5.20 ± 3.04 | .1627 | |
| AA bioactive metabolome | ||||||
| LXA4 | 351 | 115 | 0.02 ± 0.05 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | .2502 | |
| LXB4 | 351 | 115 | 0.22 ± 0.58 | 0.34 ± 0.17 | .2974 | |
| 5S,15S‐diHETE | 335 | 235 | 0.52 ± 1.81 | 1.83 ± 1.01 | .2941 | |
| 15‐epi‐LXA4 | 351 | 115 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | .0003 | *** |
| 15‐epi‐LXB4 | 351 | 115 | 0.29 ± 1.12 | 0.97 ± 0.56 | .3264 | |
| LTB4 | 335 | 195 | 4.80 ± 5.91 | 10.83 ± 1.69 | .4867 | |
| 5S,12S‐diHETE | 335 | 195 | – | – | – | |
| LTC4 | 626 | 189 | 0.47 ± 1.21 | 1.59 ± 0.40 | .1950 | |
| LTD4 | 497 | 189 | 0.22 ± 0.18 | 0.42 ± 0.07 | .2705 | |
| LTE4 | 440 | 189 | 0.72 ± 0.75 | 1.48 ± 0.12 | .3629 | |
| PGE2 | 351 | 189 | 0.02 ± 0.07 | 0.26 ± 0.08 | .0199 | * |
| PGD2 | 351 | 189 | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 0.24 ± 0.09 | .0376 | * |
| PGF2a | 353 | 193 | 0.06 ± 0.08 | 0.21 ± 0.06 | .1537 | |
| TxB2 | 369 | 169 | 0.22 ± 0.67 | 8.68 ± 2.88 | .0131 | * |
Serum was collected from healthy volunteers (n = 6) and patients with cardiovascular disease (n = 6), lipid mediators were extracted, identified and quantified using LC‐MS/MS‐based lipid mediator profiling (See methods for details). – = Below limits of quantification. Assuming non‐Gaussian distribution of the human samples, statistical analysis was determined using Mann–Whitney U test when comparing two groups. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance is indicated as *p < .05, ***p < .001.