Table 2.

Multivariable linear regression of MHI-5 scale scores (n = 1040)^a.

Characteristic	B (95%CIb)	p-valuec
Protective behaviors
Take all protective behaviors	Reference	-
Believe most protective behaviors are unnecessary	7.00 (1.61, 12.38)	.011
Take 2 – 3 protective behaviors, others not necessary	4.45 (0.53, 8.36)	.026
Would like to, but cannot take protective behavior	−.30 (−3.90, 3.31)	.872
Have taken at least one risk behavior
No	Reference	-
Yes	5.26 (2.30, 8.23)	.001
Sex
Female	Reference	-
Male	5.07 (2.63, 7.52)	<.001
Race
White	Reference	-
Black	6.28 (2.26, 10.30)	.002
Other/2+	7.44 (1.34, 13.54)	.017
Hispanic	5.16 (1.83, 8.49)	.002
Asian	−1.20 (−7.38, 4.97)	.703
Household Income
<$25,000	Reference	-
$25 - $49,000	4.86 (1.33, 8.39)	.007
$50 - $84,000	3.35 (−.30, 6.99)	.072
$85 - $150,000	5.36 (1.54, 9.19)	.006
$150,00+	4.35 (−1.33, 10.02)	.133
Age
18 – 25	Reference	-
26 – 39	3.38 (−.91, 7.68)	.122
40 – 54	4.46 (−.05, 8.96)	.052
55 – 64	11.22 (6.54, 15.90)	<.001
65+	18.39 (13.52, 23.25)	<.001
Political Party
Republican	Reference	-
Lean Republican	−9.40 (−14.20, −4.59)	<.001
No lean/independent	−2.94 (−6.66, 0.79)	.123
Lean Democrat	−6.73 (−11.14, −2.32)	.003
Democrat	−6.23 (−9.56, −2.90)	<.001
Personal criminal justice history
No	Reference	-
Yes	−6.56 (−10.05, −3.06)	<.001
Personal history of ever misusing opioids
No	Reference	-
Yes	−9.98 (−14.74, −5.23)	<.001
Household member died from COVID
No	Reference	-
Yes	−15.59 (−25.57, −5.61)	<.002
Employment Status
Employed	Reference	-
On temporary layoff or looking for work	−5.77 (−11.37, −.17)	.043
Unemployed, retired/disabled/other	−1.83 (−4.80, 1.14)	.227
Education Level
BA or above	Reference	-
HS diploma or some college/associates degree	1.46 (−1.40, 4.33)	.316
Less than high school	−0.06 (−4.99, 4.87)	.981

Unadjusted R² = .22, p < .001.

^aData weighted to national census benchmarks for sex, age, education, race/ethnicity, region.

^bCI = confidence interval.

^cp < .05 considered significant.