Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies in the meta-analysis.
| Study | Inclusion criteria | Baseline uric acid (μmol/L) | No. of patient (% of male) | Age, (yr) mean ± SD | Treatment Duration | Intervention |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peng Liu [11] | T2DM with UAER < 20 μg/min; SUA 420–476 µmol/L |
I:433 ± 11 C:432 ± 9 |
I:82(46.3%) C:70(45.7%) |
I:50 ± 10 C:51 ± 11 |
36 months | I: 100 mg Allopurinol/day (to reach SUA < 360μmol/L) C: Conventional Treatment |
| Pilemann-L [12] | T1DM with SUA ≥ 260μmol/L； UACR ≥ 30 mg/g； eGFR ≥ 40 ml/min/1.73 m2 |
I:343 ± 100 C:343 ± 100 |
I:26(73%) C:26(73%) |
I:59 ± 10 C:59 ± 10 |
2 months | I: 400 mg Allopurinol/day C: placebo |
| AliMomeni [13] | T2DM with 24 h-p ≥ 500mg/24h; Scr < 265.2 μmol/L |
I:354.5 ± 71.9 C:386.6 ± 130.8 |
I:20(82%) C:20(82%) |
I:56.3 ± 10.6 C:59.1 ± 10.6 |
4 months | I: 100 mg Allopurinol/day C: placebo |
| Tang [14] | T2DM； Male ≥ 420μmol/L Female ≥ 360μmol/L |
I:448.3 ± 55.7 C:452.5 ± 51.6 |
I:40(67%) C:40(67%) |
I:55.6 ± 12.8 C:55.6 ± 12.8 |
3 months | I: 300 mg Allopurinol/day C: Conventional Treatment |
| He [15] | DM with UACR > 300 mg/g； Male > 420μmol/L Female > 360μmol/L |
I:460 ± 73 C:450 ± 132 |
I:80(54%) C:80(60%) |
I:49.2 ± 9.8 C:48.1 ± 9.7 |
6 months | I: 300 mg Allopurinol/day C: placebo |
| Li [16] | T2DM； Scr 186–442μmol/L Male > 420μmol/L Female > 360μmol/L |
I:549.72 ± 97.85 C:499.92 ± 102.74 |
I:29(55%) C:24(58%) |
I:60.3 ± 11.7 C:56.5 ± 9.7 |
12 months | I:-300 mg Allopurinol/day C:Conventional Treatment |
| Tan [17] | T2DM； eGFR 30–60 ml/min； 24h-p > 0.5 g/24h； Male 420–600μmol/L Female 360–600μmol/L |
I:531.23 ± 57.31 C:511.59 ± 60.32 |
I:72(51%) C:68(51%) |
I:59.3 ± 9.2 C:58.6 ± 8.3 |
6 months | I: Allopurinol/day (to reach SUA < 360μmol/L) C: placebo |
| Wang [18] | DM； Male > 420μmol/L Female > 360μmol/L; Scr < 123μmol/L |
I:458.85 ± 20.33 C:456.44 ± 18.55 |
I:27(55%) C:25(56%) |
I:55.24 ± 10.05 C:54.12 ± 11.97 |
2 months | I:-50–100 mg Allopurinol/day C:Conventional Treatment |
| Chen [19] | T2DM； Male ≥ 420μmol/L Female ≥ 360μmol/L; UACR 30–300 mg/g； |
I:482.01 ± 96.02 C:466.95 ± 76.21 |
I:31(72%) C:30(76%) |
I:56.7 ± 8.5 C:56.6 ± 8.7 |
6 months | I:I: 50–300 mg Allopurinol/day (to reach SUA < 360μmol/L) C:Conventional Treatment |
| Peng [4] | DM； Male > 420μmol/L Female > 360μmol/L; 24h-p > 0.5 g/24h |
I:445.5 ± 55.3 C:448.2 ± 63.6 |
I:39(67%) C:37(62%) |
I:76.4 ± 3.2 C:77.8 ± 3.8 |
3 months | I:100–200 mg Allopurinol/day (to reach SUA < 357μmol/L) C: placebo |
Search strategies: Our search included five databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The following term search strategy was used in the PubMed database, and appropriate modifications were made to suit other databases.
Pubmed: Search: (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((Uribenz) OR (Allopurin)) OR (Allorin)) OR (Allpargin)) OR (Allural)) OR (Pan Quimica)) OR (Apulonga)) OR (Apurin)) OR (Atisuril)) OR (Bleminol)) OR (Caplenal)) OR (Capurate)) OR (Cellidrin)) OR (Embarin)) OR (Suspendol)) OR (Foligan)) OR (Hamarin)) OR (Lopurin)) OR (Lysuron)) OR (Jenapurinol)) OR (Milurit)) OR (Milurite)) OR (Novopurol)) OR (Novopurol)) OR (Uripurinol)) OR (Urosin)) OR (Urtias)) OR (Xanthomax)) OR (Uridocid)) OR (Xanturic)) OR (Zygout)) OR (Zyloprim)) OR (Zyloric)) OR (Pureduct)) OR (Purinol)) OR (Progout)) OR (Remid)) OR (Rimapurinol)) OR (Roucol)) OR (Tipuric)) OR (Allohexal)) OR (Allohexan)) OR (Alloprin)) OR ("Allopurinol"[Mesh]))) AND ((((((((Diabetes Insipidus) OR (Diet, Diabetic)) OR (Prediabetic State)) OR (Scleredema Adultorum)) OR (Glycation End Products, Advanced)) OR (Glucose Intolerance)) OR (Gastroparesis)) OR ("Diabetes Mellitus"[Mesh])) Sort by: Publication Date.