Fig. 3. α Cell ablation impairs liraglutide-induced insulin secretion in response to intraperitoneal glucose challenge in male mice.

(A) Blood glucose concentrations, (B) glucose AUC, and (C) insulin secretion index during an IPGTT in male GcgDTR⁻-Glp-1r^{β cell+/+} [MIPCreERT⁻-hGlp-1r] (WT DTR⁻) littermates with α cells and GcgDTR⁺-Glp-1r^{β cell+/+} [MIPCreERT⁻-hGlp-1r with GcgDTR⁺] (WT DTR⁺) littermates without α cells following 3 weeks of saline (CTRL) or liraglutide (LIRA) treatment. In all conditions, liraglutide or saline was administered 15 min before glucose administration. Data are presented as means ± SEM. n = 5 to 6 per group. *P < 0.05 by two-factor ANOVA with Bonferroni’s posttest. Note: Data from male mice in the DTR⁻ groups are also included in the data from the male WT DTR⁻ mice in Fig. 2, D to F.