Figure 4.

Stress exposure differentially affects fuel utilization

Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) was calculated using the formula: CO2/O2. RER values close to one indicate preferential use of carbohydrates, while value 0.7 means predominant fat metabolism.

(A) Graphs showing 24h RER values following acute restraint, repeated restraint and chronic variable stress. Values from control mice are shown as blue dots, values from stressed animals are shown as red triangles. Columns on the right show average values calculated for the light and dark periods.

(A’) Details of RER during restraint (red-labeled area) and 4 h post-stress period.

Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed by repeated two-way ANOVA. In case of the first 4 h, data were analyzed separately hour by hour.∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001 vs. control group.