TABLE 2.
Outcomes of different therapeutic combinations
| Variable | ES+TPS (N = 38) | ES+EUS‐CDS (N = 10) | ES+EUS‐HGS (N = 1) | EUS‐GE+TPS (N = 29) | EUS‐GE+EUS‐CD (N = 19) | EUS‐GE+EUS‐HGS (N = 6) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combined technical success | 38 | 10 | 0 | 29 | 18 | 6 | |
| Combined clinical success | 32/38 (84.2%) | 6/10 (60%) | 28/29 (96.6%) | 16/18 (88.9%) | 5/6 (83.3%) | 0.07 | |
| GOO | 84% | 70% | 97% | 89% | 100% | ||
| Biliary | 100% | 80% | 100% | 100% | 83% | ||
| Combined AEs | 7 (18.4%) | 2 (20%) | 1 (100%) | 7 (24.1%) | 5 (26.3%) | 1 (16.7%) | 0.5 |
| Combined recurrences | 17/32 (53.1%) | 5/6 (83.3%) | 5/28 (17.9%) | 5/16 (31.2%) | 0/5 (0%) | 0.002 | |
| GOO versus biliary | 65% vs. 35% | 80% vs. 20% | 40% vs. 60% | 0% vs. 100% | 0 | ||
| Median FU, days [IQR] | 93 [44–156] | 33 [24–58] | / | 77 [38–158] | 74 [44–105] | 37 [30–110] | 0.3 |
| Kaplan‐Meier analyses | |||||||
| Mean estimated symptoms‐free survival (95% CI), days | 277 (CI 144–311) | 85 (CI 11–182) | 475 (CI 294–656) | 195 (CI 104–287) | 209 (CI 209–209) | Log‐rank p = 0.004 | |
| DFS probability | |||||||
| 30 days | 90.6% | 66.7% | 100% | 100% | 100% | ||
| 3 months | 67.4% | 22.2% | 84.2% | 73.9% | 100% | ||
| 6 months | 46.7% | 22.2% | 72.2% | 41% | 100% | ||
| 1 year | 31.2% | 0% | 57.7% | 41% | 100% | ||
Abbreviations: AEs, adverse events; DFS, dysfunction‐free survival; ES, enteral stent; EUS‐CDS, EUS‐guided choledochoduodenostomy; EUS‐GE, EUS‐guided gastroenterostomy; EUS‐HGS, EUS‐guided hepaticogastrostomy; GOO, gastric outlet obstruction; TPS, transpapillary self‐expandable metal stent.