Table 3.
Relationship between the alcohol flushing response and depression according to alcohol intake (< 5 g/day, 5–14.9 g/day, 15–29.9 g/day, ≥ 30 g/day) (n = 139,380).
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | Alcohol flushing status | AOR (95% CI)† | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| < 5 | Never flusher | 1 (Ref.) | |
| Former flusher | 1.07 (0.81–1.41) | 0.644 | |
| Current flusher | 1.20 (1.07–1.35) | 0.002 | |
| 5–14.9 | Never flusher | 1 (Ref.) | |
| Former flusher | 1.06 (0.64–1.75) | 0.821 | |
| Current flusher | 1.39 (1.13–1.70) | 0.002 | |
| 15–29.9 | Never flusher | 1 (Ref.) | |
| Former flusher | 1.00 (0.59–1.71) | 0.987 | |
| Current flusher | 1.26 (0.95–1.67) | 0.109 | |
| ≥ 30 | Never flusher | 1 (Ref.) | |
| Former flusher | 0.85 (0.49–1.47) | 0.559 | |
| Current flusher | 0.97 (0.76–1.24) | 0.814 |
AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference.
†OR adjusted for sex, age, social activity, family income level, educational level, smoking status, age of drinking onset, and attempts to reduce/quit drinking.