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. 2022 Jul 22;12:12537. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16693-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fracturing operations of three new wells and related induced seismicity. (a) Map vies of three fracturing wells superimposed on the pre-existing inferred fault networks. The balls represent the induced earthquakes, colored by time and scaled by magnitude. C1–C7 represent seven earthquake clusters. C1, C2 and C4 were attributed to hydraulic fracture propagation, while the others were linked to reactivation of inferred faults. The beachball shows the focal mechanism solution of the M3.05 event. (b) Profile view of HF-induced seismicity and fracturing horizontal wells. Inset maps show the semi-logarithmic magnitude versus frequency distribution for seven clusters. (c) Temporal view of treatment data for the three horizontal wells as well as the induced events.