Table 1.
Main findings from [18F]AV-1451 tau PET studies.
| Paper | Tracer | Clinical population | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Goodheart (2021) | [18F]AV-1451 | 11 CBS, 2 CBD | Asymmetric tracer retention in basal ganglia and cortical motor regions, consistent with CBD pathology |
| Holland (2021) | [18F]AV-1451 | 23 PSP, 12 CBS, 19 HC | Tracer binding decreased in regions with lower synaptic density; overall low affinity of [18F]AV-1451 for 4R-tau |
| Ghirelli (2020) | [18F]AV-1451 | 10 PSP, 10 CBD | Binding patterns displayed efficacy in differentiating autopsy-confirmed CBD and PSP; further work with larger sample sizes needed to verify results |
| Malpetti (2020) | [18F]AV-1451 | 17 PSP-RS, 15 HC | Increased binding in tau-specific regions; highest binding in pons, medulla, and basal ganglia |
| Nicastro (2020) | [18F]AV-1451 | 23 probable PSP, 23 HC | Increased tracer binding in tau-specific regions; tracer binding correlated with grey matter loss in frontal regions; off-target binding observed in neuromelanin-containing cells in substantia nigra and MAO in striatum |
| Soleimani-Meigooni (2020) | [18F]AV-1451 | 8 AD, 10 non-AD tauopathies (4 PSP, 3 CBD), 3 non-tau FTLD | Tracer binding in accordance with Braak tau pathology in AD; unable to accurately differentiate non-AD tauopathies |
| Tsai (2019) | [18F]AV-1451 | 11 nfvPPA, 10 CBS, 10 bvFTD, 2 svPPA, 12 MAPT mutation carriers | Elevated binding in frontal white matter; limited sensitivity for non-AD tau |
| Whitwell (2019) | [18F]AV-1451 | 105 PSP, 30 HC | Increased uptake in striatum, globus pallidus, and thalamus; different PSP variants showed different retention patterns |
| Whitwell (2019) | [18F]AV-1451 | 16 PSP, 39 HC | Tracer binding less effective than changes in midbrain atrophy as a longitudinal biomarker in PSP |
| Ali (2018) | [18F]AV-1451 | 14 CBS | Significant tracer uptake was only seen in beta-amyloid-positive patients; [18F]AV-1451 may have little specificity for non-AD tauopathies |
| Coakeley (2018) | [18F]AV-1451 | 1 CBD, 10 HC | [18F]AV-1451 preferentially binds to PHF tau over straight filaments in CBD |
| Niccolini (2018) | [18F]AV-1451 | 11 CBS, 20 HC, 33 MCI due to AD | Asymmetric tracer binding in CBS patients, consistent with disease pathology |
| Cho (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 14 PSP, 15 PD, 15 HC | Increased tracer uptake in subcortical regions in PSP, consistent with pathology; tracer binding did not correlate with clinical severity in PSP or PD |
| Cho (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 6 CBS, 20 HC | Asymmetric tracer uptake in putamen, globus pallidus, and thalamus contralateral to clinically more affected side; asymmetric binding also found in motor-related subcortical gray and white matter structures |
| Coakeley (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 6 PSP, 6 PD, 10 HC | No significant differences in tracer uptake amongst all groups; [18F]AV-1451 may be specific for PHF tau in AD |
| Coakeley (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 6 PSP, 6 PD, 10 HC | Decreased tracer binding in substantia nigra of parkinsonism patients may reflect depigmentation of this region |
| Hammes (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 1 PSP | Elevated tracer binding in PSP patient; results inconclusive regarding affinity for AP-tau over AD-tau |
| Marquié (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 2 PSP, 1 MAPT carrier | Increased tracer uptake in substantia and midbrain did not correlate with autoradiographic signal |
| Schonhaut (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 33 PSP, 26 PD, 46 HC | Increased tracer binding to PSP-specific subcortical regions; binding in globus pallidus best distinguished PSP from PD and HC; decreased substantia nigra binding in PD compared to controls may indicate loss of neuromelanin-containing cells |
| Smith (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | 1 PSP | Off-target binding observed in basal ganglia and brainstem |
| Josephs (2016) | [18F]AV-1451 | 1 CBD | Increased tracer binding in accordance with CBD pathology; autoradiography signal failed to detect 4R tau |
| Mcmillan (2016) | [18F]AV-1451 | 1 CBD | Tracer binding in accordance with CBD pathology; binding correlates with disease progression |
| Ono (2017) | [18F]AV-1451 | In vitro | Relatively weak [18F]AV-1451 binding to PSP tau deposits in comparison to [11C]-PBB3 |