Table 1.
Secreted effectors in M. tuberculosis, and their putative analogs in M. abscessus.
| Name | Gene ID in Mtb | Secretion pathway | Protein function in Mtb | Host target | Host cell process | Impact of gene deletion on Mtb virulence | Gene ID Mabs | Identity / similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EsxA | Rv3875 | ESX-1 | ? | TLR-2, SR-B1, B2M | Phagosome maturation | Attenuated ex-vivo and in vivo | MAB_3754c | No identity |
| Please note that whereas EsxA (ESAT-6) of Mtb is part of the ESX1 system, MAB_3754c is part of the ESX-4 system in MABS. An ESX-1 system does not exist in MABS. However, both system play what appears to be an analogous role in pathogenesis – hence the analogy we draw between EsxA and MAB_3754c, despite lack of biochemical identity. | ||||||||
| EsxH | Rv0288 | ESX-3 | Iron acquisition | HRS | Phagosome maturation | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo | MAB_2228c | 65% / 81% |
| SapM | Rv3310 | SecA2 | Phosphatase | Phosphatidyl-inositol3-phosphate | Phagosome maturation | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo (guinea pig) | ? | – |
| PknG | Rv0410c | SecA2 | Serine/Threonine kinase | Rab7L1/Rab29 | phagosome maturation | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo | MAB_4224 | 73% / 82% |
| CpsA | Rv3484 | ? | Contains LCP and LytR domains | Inhibits NOX2 activation | phagosome maturation, ROS production | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo (mouse and zebrafish model) | ? | – |
| TlyA | Rv1694 | ? | rRNA methylase, hemolysin | ? | Phagosome maturation | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo | MAB_2359 | 69% / 78% |
| LpdC | Rv0462 | SecA2 | Lipoamide reductase | Coronin-1 | Phagosome maturation | ? | MAB_4127c | 88% similarity |
| NdkA | Rv2445c | SecA2 | GTPase Activation Protein (GAP) | Rab5, Rab7, Rac1 | Phagosome maturation, ROS, apoptosis | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo (SCID mouse model only) | MAB_1606 | 75% / 86% |
| PtpA | Rv2234 | ? | Phosphatase | VPS33B, Subunit H of V-ATPase, ubiquitin, GSK3 | Cytokine response, Phagosome maturation and apoptosis | Attenuated in Guinea pigs, less in mice | MAB_1900c | 68% / 81% |
| PtpB | Rv0153c | ? | Phosphatase | ? | Apoptosis | Attenuated ex vivo and in vivo (guinea pig) | MAB_4591 | 44% similarity |
| Eis | Rv2416c | ? | Lysine Nϵ-acetyltransferase activity | JNK | ROS production, autophagy, apoptosis | No attenuation in-vivo | MAB_4532 | 29% / 44% |
| SodA | Rv3846 | SecA2 | Superoxide dismutase | Phagosomal superoxides | ROS production | Attenuated in-vivo | MAB_0118c | 82% / 89% |
| EchA1 | Rv0222 | Probable enoyl-CoA hydratase | SHP1, TRAF6 | Cytokine response | Attenuated in vivo | MAB_0606c | 30% / 44% | |
| CpnT/TNT | Rv3903c | ? | Hydrolyses NAD+ | NAD+ | Necrosis | Not attenuated in-vivo | Found in prophages | – |
| MPT53/DsbE | Rv2878c | Predicted SecA1/2 | Disulfide oxidoreductase | Tak1 | Triggers Cytokine response | Hypervirulent in-vivo | MAB_3243 | 63% / 78% |