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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 23.
Published in final edited form as: Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022 Mar 13;34(6):e14352. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14352

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Proposed model for age-related loss of enteric neurons. Aging changes muscularis propria macrophages (MPMs)’s functional phenotype from tissue-protective, anti-inflammatory to injurious, pro-inflammatory. Enteric neuron and enteric neural stem cells (ENSCs) decline with age by this age-dependent shift in MPMs