Fig. 2.

PM2.5 enhances glycolysis metabolism in vitro and in vivo. A PM2.5 enhanced L-lactate production in BEAS-2B cells, while 2-DG pretreatment reduced the generation of lactate in PM2.5-treated cells. B PM2.5 augmented L-lactate release from A549 cells in a dose response manner. C PM2.5 enhanced L-lactate production in PC9 cells. D PM2.5 increased pyruvate generation in BEAS-2B cells, and 2-DG pretreatment decreased pyruvate production in PM2.5-treated cells. E PM2.5 up-regulated pyruvate levels in A549 cells. F PM2.5 increased pyruvate levels in PC9 cells. G PM2.5 promoted ECAR levels in BEAS-2B cells. H PM2.5 exposure enhanced the production of L-lactate in lung issues of rats. I PM2.5 exposure promoted the generation of pyruvate in lung issues of rats. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001