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. 2022 Jul 22;41:229. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02437-8

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — PM2.5 activates the expression of eIF4E that subsequently increases the translation of DLAT in polysomes. A PM2.5 enhanced eIF4E gene expression in BEAS-2B cells in a dose-response manner. B PM2.5 increased eIF4E gene expression in lung tissues of rats. C PM2.5 up-regulated eIF4E protein expression in BEAS-2B cells. D PM2.5 increased eIF4E protein expression in lung tissues of rats. E Up-regulation of eIF4E increased the expression of DLAT protein and knockdown of eIF4E decreased DLAT protein expression. F The expression level of eIF4E was positively correlated with that of DLAT in LUAD tumor tissues (TCGA datasets). G Correlation between eIF4E and DLAT expression levels in LUSC (TCGA datasets). H Overexpression of eIF4E increased the polysome to monosome (P/M) ratio of DLAT mRNA expression, suggesting an increase of DLAT translation initiation. I Up-regulation of eIF4E increased the abundance of DLAT mRNA in polysome but reduced DLAT expression in monosome in A549 cells. J Knockdown of eIF4E decreased the polysome to monosome ratio of DLAT mRNA expression, indicating a reduction of DLAT translation initiation. K Downregulation of eIF4E decreased the abundance of DLAT mRNA in polysome but enhanced DLAT expression in monosome in A549 cells. *P<0.05, **P<0.01