Table 1.
Caries experience in European and non-European children across geographical areas, household, parents’ occupation and educational level
| European | Non-European background | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caries-free | Caries-Ex | OR (95%CI) | Caries-free | Caries-Ex | OR (95%CI) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Geographical areasa | North-West | 1037 (65.2) | 554 (34.8) | reference | 88 (28.9) | 217 (71.1) | reference |
| North-East | 662 (55.3) | 536 (44.7) | 1.52 (1.29–1.77) | 4 (4.3) | 88 (95.7) | 8.92 (3.07–25.90) | |
| Central | 614 (53.7) | 530 (46.3) | 1.62 (1.38–1.89) | 42 (29.0) | 103 (71.0) | 0.99 (0.64–1.54) | |
| South | 685 (50.1) | 681 (49.9) | 1.86 (1.60–2.16) | 79 (35.0) | 147 (65.0) | 0.75 (0.52–1.09) | |
| Islands | 471 (73.2) | 172 (26.8) | 0.68 (0.55–0.84) | 29 (25.2) | 86 (74.8) | 1.20 (0.74–1.96) | |
| Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 3.94 p = 0.03 | Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 1.55 p = 0.22 | ||||||
| Household | 1st quartiles | 511 (42.1) | 702 (57.9) | 8.68 (6.66–11-31) | 106 (24.7) | 324 (75.3) | 22.41 (8.50–59.14) |
| 2nd quartiles | 646 (36.9) | 1107 (63.1) | 10.83 (8.35–14.03) | 92 (22.8) | 311 (77.2) | 24.79 (9.22–66.63) | |
| 3rd quartiles | 1674 (74.8) | 563 (25.2) | 2.12 (1.68–2.68) | 44 (88.0) | 6 (12.0) | reference | |
| 4th quartiles | 638 (86.3) | 101 (13.7) | reference | – | – | – | |
| Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 735.80 p < 0.01 | Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 28.18 p < 0.01 | ||||||
| Parents’ occupation | Un-employment/unskilled | 559 (48.3) | 598 (51.7) | 3.28 (2.83–3.79) | 235 (29.7) | 556 (70.3) | 0.16 (0.04–0.67) |
| Skilled jobs/qualified | 429 (39.9) | 645 (60.1) | 4.60 (3.94–5.37) | 5 (8.3) | 55 (91.7) | 0.73 (01.13–4.05) | |
| White-collar | 2319 (75.4) | 758 (24.6) | reference | 2 (6.2) | 30 (93.8) | reference | |
| Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 382.30 p < 0.01 | Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 18.37 p < 0.01 | ||||||
| Parents’ education | Low | 187 (41.9) | 259 (58.1) | 2.12 (1.73–2.59) | 209 (28.3) | 529 (71.7) | 1.04 (0.64–1.67) |
| Intermediate | 1181 (58.4) | 841 (41.6) | 1.09 (0.97–1.22) | 6 (11.5) | 46 (88.5) | 3.13 (1.17–8.40) | |
| High | 2101 (60.5) | 841 (41.5) | reference | 27 (29.0) | 66 (71.0) | reference | |
| Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 37.01 p < 0.01 | Mantel Haenszel trend of odds χ2 = 0.38 p = 0.54 | ||||||
OR Odds Ratio, 95%CI 95% Confidence Interval. The Mantel Haenszel trend of odds was calculated.
aGeographical areas were ordered following the mean Gross National Product (GNP) per capita for each Italian area