Table 3.

Clinical and demographic characteristics of the patient subset with class V LN on biopsy 2, according to renal outcome

	ESKD onset after biopsy 2
Variable	No	Yes	P-value
	(n = 51)	(n = 5)
Age at biopsy 2, mean (s.d.), years	34.7 (10.3)	38.8 (10.6)	0.481
Sex, n (%)			1
Female	44 (86.3)	4 (80)
Male	7 (13.7)	1 (20)
Race, n (%)			0.497
Asian	5 (9.8)	0 (0)
Black	37 (72.5)	4 (80)
White	6 (11.8)	0 (0)
Other	3 (5.9)	1 (20)
Biopsy 1, n (%)			0.052
Non-proliferative	27 (52.9)	0 (0)
Proliferative	24 (47.1)	5 (100)
Class of biopsy 1, n (%)			0.064
I	1 (2)	0 (0)
II	4 (7.8)	0 (0)
III	2 (3.9)	1 (20)
IV	7 (13.7)	3 (60)
Mixed	15 (29.4)	1 (20)
V	22 (43.1)	0 (0)
Follow up from first biopsy, mean (s.d.), years	12.3 (6.4)	14.4 (5.4)	0.412
Follow up from second biopsy, mean (s.d.), years	7.7 (5.2)	11.2 (2.4)	0.095
Time between biopsy 1 and 2, mean (s.d.), years	4.7 (4.5)	3.2 (3.8)	0.25
Urine pr/cr before biopsy 2, mean (s.d.)	1.2 (1.4)	1.5 (2.0)	0.97
Nephrotic range, n (%)			0.893
No	31 (60.8)	4 (80)
Yes	16 (31.4)	1 (20)
NA	4 (7.8)	0 (0)
Anti-dsDNA, n (%)			0.495
No	27 (52.9)	1 (20)
Yes	21 (41.2)	3 (60)
NA	3 (5.9)	1 (20)
C3, mean (s.d.), mg/dl	95.8 (27.8)	84.5 (3.9)	0.552
C4, mean (s.d.), mg/dl	19.8 (8.8)	21.2 (10.5)	0.869
HCQ, n (%)			0.087
No	25 (49)	5 (100)
Yes	26 (51)	0 (0)
Mycophenolate, n (%)			0.735
No	21 (41.2)	3 (60)
Yes	30 (58.8)	2 (40)
AZA, n (%)			1
No	42 (82.4)	4 (80)
Yes	8 (15.7)	1 (20)
Prednisone, n (%)			0.3
No	17 (33.3)	0 (0)
Yes	34 (66.7)	5 (100)
ACE inhibitors or ARBs, n (%)			0.801
No	22 (43.1)	3 (60)
Yes	29 (56.9)	2 (40)

P-values were calculated using Fisher’s exact or Kruskal–Wallis test as appropriate. NA: not available.