Table 1.
Risk and hazard comparison between CMR and CCT
| Risks and hazards | CMR | CCT |
|---|---|---|
| Biological effects | Unknown cancer risk of non-ionizing EMF | Cancer risk of ionizing radiation |
| Genotoxic effects | Damage should be reversible | – |
| RF field | Heating/Burns | – |
| Gradient field | Loud noise/peripheral nerve stimulation/induced voltages in abandoned PM wires or long conducting implants | – |
| Main magnetic field | Magnetic force and torque on: | – |
| Fm external devices | Ferromagnetic projectiles (tools, beds, stretchers…) | – |
| Fm implanted devices | Electromagnetic field interactions with devices and artifacts | – |
| Sedation or general anesthesia | Limits intrinsic thermoregulation | – |
| Contrast medium | Not always necessary | Necessary |
| NSF | Allergic-like reactions | |
| CI renal failure | CI renal failure |
CCT cardiovascular computed tomography, CI contrast induced, CMR cardiovascular magnetic resonance, EMF electro-magnetic fields, Fm, ferromagnetic, NSF nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, PM pacemaker, RF radiofrequency