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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 13.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropsychologia. 2022 Jun 17;173:108302. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108302

Table 2.

Formulae for calculating behavioral indices in A&C paradigm.

Behavioral Index Formula
Time Per Target Selection (TTS) ln (Block Time ÷ Number of Target Selections)
Phonological Cost Phonological TTS - Unrelated TTS
Semantic Cost Semantic TTS - Unrelated TTS
Switching Cost (S2 TTS + S3 TTS) ÷ 2 - S1 TTS
Phonological Switch Effect (S2 Phonological Cost + S3 Phonological Cost) ÷2 - S1 Phonological Cost
Semantic Switch Effect (S2 Semantic Cost + S3 Semantic Cost) ÷ 2 - S1 Semantic Cost