Table 4.
Association between binder placement and outcome variables
| Continuous outcomes | Unadjusted model | Adjusted model* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prehospital PCCD n = 52 |
No Prehospital PCCD n = 110 |
Mean difference (95% CI) |
p-value | Mean difference (95% CI) |
p-value | |
| Vital signs, from EMS to hospital: | ||||||
| SBP, mmHg, mean (SD) | −5.1 (35.5) | −9.5 (44.8) | 4.4 (−10.8 to 19.7) | 0.57 | −0.5 (−19.0 to 18.1) | 0.96 |
| HR bpm, mean (SD) | −2.0 (22.1) | 2.8 (27.8) | −4.8 (−14.3 to 4.6) | 0.31 | −7.0 (−17.2 to 3.13) | 0.17 |
| ASI, mean (SD) | 1.4 (11.9) | 3.3 (20.2) | −2.0 (−8.4 to 4.5) | 0.55 | −2.6 (−10.0 to 4.8) | 0.48 |
| GCS, mean (SD) | 0.7 (2.2) | 0.0 (2.6) | 0.6 (−0.3 to 1.6) | 0.18 | 0.1 (−1.1 to 1.2) | 0.92 |
| Number of pRBC transfused, mean (SD) | 6.6 (16.2) | 5.3 (7.9) | 1.3 (−2.5 to 5.2) | 0.50 | 3.1 (−2.0 to 8.1) | 0.23 |
| Duration of admission, days, mean (SD) | 15.5 (14.3) | 21.0 (17.5) | −5.5 (−11.1 to 0.15) | 0.06 | −6.6 (−12.8 to −0.42) | 0.04 |
| Categorical outcomes | Unadjusted model | Adjusted modela | ||||
| Prehospital PCCD n = 52 |
No Prehospital PCCD n = 110 |
OR (95% CI) |
p-value | Mean difference (95% CI) |
p-value | |
| Mortality, n (%) | 5 (10%) | 11 (10%) | 0.96 (0.31 to 2.91) | 0.94 | 1.78 (0.41 to 7.80) | 0.44 |
| Patients transfused pRBC, n (%) | 28 (54%) | 72 (67%) | 0.58 (0.29 to 1.13) | 0.11 | 0.93 (0.40 to 2.12) | 0.86 |
*
Adjusted model includes Injury Severity Score and emergency medical services teams
PCCD, pelvic circumferential compression devices; CI, confidence interval; EMS, emergency medical services; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; HR, heart rate; ASI, age-adjusted shock index; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; pRBC, packed red blood cells; OR, odds ratio.