Table 2.

Single and paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation measures in various Parkinsonian disorders.

Single pulse TMS measures	PD	MSA	PSP	CBS
Motor threshold	↓/↔	↔	↔	↑
MEP amplitude/Recruitment curve	↑(rest)/↓(active)	↑	↑	↓/↔
CMCT	↔ (↑ in Parkin mutation)	↑	↑	↔
cSP	↓	↑	↑	↓
iSP	↓	↑	↑	↓
Paired pulse TMS measures
SICI	↓	↓	↓	↓
LICI	?	–	–	–
ICF	↔/↓	↔	↔	↔
SICF	↑	↔	–	–
SAI	↔/↓ (ON)	↓	↔	–
LAI	↓	–	–	–
IHI	↓/↔	–	–	↓
CBI	↓	–	↓	–

↓, decreased; ↑, increased; ↔, no change;?, uncertain/conflicting results; -, not studied; CBS, corticobasal syndrome; CBI, cerebellar inhibition; CMCT, central motor conduction time; cSP, contralateral silent period; ICF, intracortical facilitation; IHI, long interhemispheric inhibition; iSP, ipsilateral silent period; LAI, long latency afferent inhibition. LICI, long interval intracortical inhibition; MEP, motor evoked potential; MSA, multisystem atrophy, PD, Parkinson’s disease; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; SAI, short latency afferent inhibition; SICF, short interval intracortical facilitation; SICI, short interval intracortical inhibition.