Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the 900 participants.
| Characteristics | Total sample(n = 900) | Men(n = 431) | Women(n = 469) | p | p a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 48.0 (32.0–65.0) | 52.0 (32.0–69.0) | 46.0 (33.0–62.0) | 0.006 | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9 (20.8–25.2) | 23.7 (21.6–26.0) | 22.2 (20.3–24.4) | <0.001 | – |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 72.0 (63.0–84.0) | 83.0 (72.0–93.0) | 65.0 (59.0–73.0) | <0.001 | – |
| 25OHD (μg/L) | 21.4 (15.0–29.0) | 21.0 (16.0–29.0) | 22.0 (15.0–29.5) | 0.706 | – |
| Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2) | 1.01 (0.90–1.15) | 1.01 (0.91–1.15) | 1.00 (0.88–1.15) | 0.533 | 0.542 |
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 0.82 (0.73–0.91) | 0.84 (0.75–0.92) | 0.81 (0.72–0.90) | 0.003 | 0.016 |
| Total hip BMD (g/cm2) | 0.90 (0.80–0.99) | 0.92 (0.82–1.01) | 0.89 (0.78–0.97) | <0.001 | 0.010 |
| ALP (U/L) | 67.0 (54.0–83.0) | 68.0 (55.0–84.0) | 66.0 (52.8–82.3) | 0.067 | 0.386 |
| ALT (U/L) | 13.0 (9.0–19.0) | 13.0 (9.0–19.8) | 13.0 (10.0–19.0) | 0.632 | 0.371 |
| AST (U/L) | 19.0 (16.0–24.0) | 20.0 (16.0–25.0) | 19.0 (15.0–23.5) | 0.072 | 0.178 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 312.0 (262.0–372.0) | 340.0 (279.0–405.0) | 294.0 (246.0–347.0) | <0.001 | 0.200 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 5.0 (4.2–6.0) | 5.2 (4.4–6.2) | 4.9 (4.0–5.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.42 (2.26–2.59) | 2.35 (2.18–2.52) | 2.47 (2.34–2.64) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.20 (1.04–1.35) | 1.08 (0.96–1.23) | 1.30 (1.17–1.42) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| P1NP (ng/ml) | 46.3 (34.2–62.6) | 47.0 (34.7–65.3) | 45.9 (33.6–60.6) | 0.122 | 0.892 |
| β-CTX (ng/ml) | 0.39 (0.27–0.56) | 0.41 (0.27–0.58) | 0.38 (0.27–0.55) | 0.311 | 0.055 |
| PTH (ng/L) | 39.2 (28.9–51.0) | 36.9 (25.9–49.0) | 41.2 (31.2–52.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| ucOC (ng/ml) | 2.0 (0.9–3.9) | 2.6 (1.3–4.7) | 1.6 (0.7–3.1) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; BMD, bone mineral density; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; UA, uric acid; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Cr, creatinine; P1NP, procollagen type 1 N-propeptide; β-CTX, β-CrossLaps of type I collagen-containing cross-linked C-telopeptide; 25OHD, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; PTH, parathyroid hormone; ucOC, undercarboxylated osteocalcin.
a
Adjusted for age, BMI, Cr, and 25OHD. Significant values (p < 0.05) are presented in bold.