Table 1.
Potassium Channels Associated with Cancer
| Protein (Gene) | Cancer Hallmark | Tumor or Cancer Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kv1.1 (KCNA1) | Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion | Cervical cancer, medulloblastoma | [38,39] |
| Kv1.3 (KCNA3) | Cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration | Breast, lung, colon, prostate, pancreas, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, and lymph node cancers, glioblastoma and melanoma | [40–47] |
| Kv1.4 (KCNA4) | Cell proliferation and cell cycle | Neuroblastoma cells | [52] |
| Kv1.5 (KCNA5) | Cell proliferation and apoptosis | Glioma, astrocytomas, gastric cancer cells, human non-Hodgkin lymphomas, smooth muscle tumors | [40,48–50] |
| Kv2.1 (KCNB1) | Cell cycle progression and migration | Prostate cancer cells, neuroblastoma cells | [51,52] |
| Kv3.1 (KCNC1) | Proliferation, migration and invasion | Lung and breast cancer cells] | [55] |
| Kv3.4 (KCNC4) | Proliferation, migration and invasion | Oral squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, lung and breast cancer models | [53–55] |
| Kv4.1 (KCND1) | Cell cycle progression | Breast cancer and gastric cancer cells | [56,57] |
| Kv4.2 (KCND2) | Cell proliferation and cell cycle | Neuroblastoma cells | [52] |
| Kv7.1 (KCNQ1) | Cell proliferation | Colon cancer cells, neuroblastoma cells | [52,58,59] |
| Kv9.3 (KCNS3) | Cell proliferation | Colon carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma cells | [60,61] |
| Kv11.1 (KCNH2) | Cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and cell proliferation | Leukemia, ovarian, lung, pancreatic, colorectal and breast cancer cells | [74,79–81] |
| KCa1.1 (KCNMA1) | Cell proliferation and migration | Prostate, glia, breast, pancreas, and endometrium cancer cells | [82–87] |
| KCa2.3 (KCNN3) | Migration | Melanoma cells | [96] |
| Kir2.1 (KCNJ2) | Cell proliferation, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis | Small-cell lung cancer and gastric cancer | [28,97] |
| Kir2.2 (KCNJ12) | Cell proliferation and cell cycle | Small-cell lung cancer, prostate, stomach, and breast | [31,98,99] |
| Kir3.1 (KCNJ3) | Cell proliferation and invasion | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, breast carcinomas, and non-small cell lung cancers | [26,100–102] |
| Kir3.4 (KCNJ5) | Cell proliferation | Adrenal aldosterone-producing adenomas | [29,103] |
| Kir4.1 (KCNJ10) | Cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis | Brain tumors, astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas | [32,104] |
| Kir6.1 (KCNJ8) | Cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and cell cycle | Leiomyoma cells, breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and hepatocellular carcinoma | [30,105,106] |
| Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) | Cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and cell cycle | Leiomyoma cells, breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer and glioma cells | [30,105–108] |
| Kir7.1 (KCNJ13) | Cell proliferation | Choroid plexus tumors | [27,109–111] |
| TASK-1 (KCNK3) | Cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis | Medulloblastoma, Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, osteosarcoma, non-small cell lung cancers and adenomas adrenals | [121–123,125] |
| TASK-2 (KCNK5) | Cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis | Breast cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | [126–128] |
| TASK-3 (KCNK9) | Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and cell cycle | Melanoma, ovarian carcinoma, breast tumors, colorectal cancers, lung and gastric cancer | [24,117,129–132,135,139,140] |
| TREK-1 (KCNK2) | Cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle | Prostate cancer, osteosarcoma and ovarian cancer | [116,118,141,142,182] |
| TREK-2 (KCNK10) | Cell proliferation and cell cycle | Bladder cancer cells | [119] |
| TWIK-1 (KCNK1) | Cell proliferation | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | [115] |
| TWIK-2 (KCNK6) | Cell proliferation, invasion and migration | Breast cancer | [120] |