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. 2022 Jul 11;13:946463. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.946463

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Copyright © 2022 Yang, Gong, Lu, Lu, Zhang, Meng, Peng, Chu, Cao, Hao, Sun, Wang, Qin, Wang, Shang and Yang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Quantification of CBC parameters and cytokines. The numbers of white blood cells (WBCs) (A), lymphocytes (LYM) (B), and monocytes (MNCs) (C) were compared between cows in the intervention (in black) and control (in white) groups at 5, 15, and 45 DPI. The expression levels of IFN-γ (D), IL-10 (E), and IL-12p70 (F) were compared between the cows in the inoculation (in black) and control (in black) groups at 15 DPI. Data are shown as mean ± SD, and the symbols indicate P ≤ 0.001 (***), P ≤ 0.010 (**), P ≤ 0.050 (*), and P > 0.050 (ns), respectively.