Table 2. Summary of Policies Relevant to Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy in Anglophone Sub-Saharan Africa .

Policy Title (Country, Date)	Political Recognition	Policy Initiation	Target Group Definition	Adolescent Pregnancy Issues/Determinants Addressed	Policy Objectives		Scope of Activities	Resources	M & E Plan	Cooperation and Collaboration	Youth Involvement
					Quantitative vs. Qualitative	Explicit, Clear, Measurable, Deadlines
Revised National Youth Policy (Botswana, 2010)41	P	Revised	Youth (15-35 y) Additional subgroups of youth	Poverty, Unemployment	Qualitative	X	IEC (peer education, youth life skills, youth and health empowerment programmes), health services (youth friendliness, include vulnerable groups), institutional support (supportive legal environments)	Financial X Human P	P	P	X
National Gender Policy (Ghana, 2015)44	P	New	Boys and girls	Poverty, Sexual violence	Qualitative	X	IEC (education, school retention programmes), institutional support (welfare department, trafficking secretariat, human rights court)	FinancialP Human P	P	P	X
Adolescent Health Service Policy and Strategy (Ghana, 2016)39	X	New	Young people (10-24 y)	Access to family planning services, coerced sex, concurrent partners, child marriage, contraceptive use, early sexual initiation, multiple sexual partners, sexual violence	Qualitative	X	IEC (Social and behavioural change communication strategy), health services (increase access for adolescents), training (needs assessment of staff, and capacity building of staff)	Financial P Human P	X	P	P
National Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy (Kenya, 2015)42	P	Revised	Adolescents (10-19 y) Additional subgroups of adolescent	Availability of SRH services, child marriage, coerced sex/sexual abuse, early sexual initiation, low self-confidence, multiple sexual partners, poverty	Qualitative	X	IEC (parents, communities, adolescents, professionals, CSE, digital platforms to access information), health services (strengthen capacities to provide appropriate information and services), training (build the capacity of healthcare providers, institutional support (ensure attainment of ASRH rights), research (data management and analysis)	Financial X Human P	P	P	P
National Youth Policy (Malawi, 2013)43	P	Revised	Youth (10-35 y)	Unemployment, early marriage	Qualitative	X	IEC (youth involvement in program design, CSE, target school drop outs, vulnerable youth), health services (adequate and accessible youth friendly health services), institutional support (advocate for increase in the legal age of marriage, regulations and enforcement of laws that advance youth reproductive health including sexual violence)	Financial X Human P	P	P	P
National Health Policy Framework (Namibia, 2010)53	P	New	Young people and adolescent	Low contraceptive prevalence rate Unmet need for family planning	Qualitative	X	IEC (community, adolescents), health services (adolescent-friendly), training (staff of health services)	Financial P Human P	P	P	X
Education Sector Policy for the Prevention and Management of Learner Pregnancy (Namibia, 2010)39	P	New	Learners of school-going age	Early sexual debut, forced sex, gender inequity	Qualitative	X	IEC (CSE), health services (counselling)	Financial P Human P	P	P	X
Reproductive Health Policy (Seychelles, 2012)51	P	New	Adolescents Youth	Early sexual debut, sexual abuse, sexual violence, unprotected sex, intergenerational sex	Qualitative	X	Health Services (access to ASRH), Training (teachers, counsellors, professionals), Institutional support, (school health programme)	Financial X Human P	P	P	X
Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child & Adolescent Health Policy (Sierra Leone, 2017)40	P	New	Adolescents		Qualitative	X	IEC (CSE, adolescents ), health services (adolescent friendly, increase uptake), training (health workers), institutional support (address legal and sociocultural barriers to health services, advocate elimination of harmful practices)	Financial X Human P	P	P	X
Integrated School Health Policy (South Africa, 2012)48	P	New	Youth	Low contraceptive use Early sexual debut	Qualitative	X	IEC (CSE)	Financial X Human P	P	P	P
National Adolescent and Youth Health Policy (South Africa, 2017)47	P	New	Adolescent and youth (10-24 y)	Lack of access to SRH services	Qualitative	X	IEC (CSE) Health services (access to youth friendly services)	Financial P Human P	P	P	X
National Family Planning Policy (South Sudan, 2012)54	P	New	Adolescents Youth	Illiteracy, early marriage, access to contraceptives, spacing or limiting childbirth	Qualitative	X	IEC (adolescents) Health services (provision of accessible services)	Financial P Human P	P	P	X
National Reproductive Health Policy (South Sudan, 2013)52	P	New	Adolescents	Inadequate access to SRH services, early marriage, gender-based violence	Qualitative	X	Health services (increase availability, ensure equity of access, improve facilities), Institutional support (eradicate gender-based discrimination and violence)	Financial P Human P	P	P	X
National Policy on Sexual and Reproductive Health (eSwatini, 2013)49	P	New	Youth Adolescents	Inadequate access to SRH services	Qualitative	X	IEC (schools, community), health services (enable resources)	Financial P Human P	P	P	X
The National Health Policy (Tanzania, 2017)55	P	Revised	Adolescents	Low supply of family planning methods, limited knowledge	Qualitative	X	Health services (ensure quality services to adolescents, strengthen services), institutional support (ensure law enforcement re gender-based violence)	Financial X Human P	P	P	X
Gender and Women Empowerment Policy 2010-2020 (The Gambia, 2010)45	P	New	Boys and girls	Early marriage, limited access to SRH information	Qualitative	X	IEC (schools, out of school, community)	Financial X Human P	P	P	X
Gambia National Gender Policy 2010-2020 (The Gambia, 2010)46	P	New	Boys and girls	Early sexual debut; school drop-out	Qualitative	X	IEC (schools, community), institutional support (school retention, for reporting sexual abuse)	Financial X Human P	P	P	X

Abbreviations: ASRH, adolescent sexual and reproductive health; CSE, comprehensive sexuality education; IEC, information, education and communication; M & E, monitoring and evaluation; SRH, sexual and reproductive health.

X: Not described, P: Described.