Table 4.

Research Model Quality Index

Quality index	Statistics-value	Criteria	Conclusion
Average path coefficient (APC)	0.177 (P = 0.011)	Significant if p < 0.1	Significant
Average R-Squared (ARS)	0.167 (P = 0.01)	Significant if p < 0.1	Significant
Average adjusted R-Squared (AARS)	0.155 (P = 0.02)	Significant if p < 0.1	Significant
Average block VIF (AVIF)	1.176	Accept if ≤ 5 Ideal if ≤ 3.3	Ideal
Average full collinearity VIF (AFVIF)	1.189	Accept if ≤ 5 Ideal if ≤ 3.3	Ideal
Tenenhaus Gof (Gof)	0.288	Small ≥ 0.1 Medium ≥ 0.25 Large ≥ 0.36	Medium
Sympson’s paradox ratio (SPR)	1.000	Accept if ≥ 0.7 Ideal if = 1	Ideal
R-Squared contribution ratio (RSCR)	1.000	Accept if ≥ 0.9 Ideal if = 1	Ideal
Statistical suppression ratio (SSR)	1.000	Accept if ≥ 0.7	Accept
Nonlinear bivariate causality direction ratio (NLBCDR)	1.000	Accept if ≥ 0.7	Accept