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. 2022 Jul 11;9:937866. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.937866

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Copyright © 2022 Lange, Uwiera and Inglis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model of regulation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 pathogenic genes by AI-3, epinephrine and norepinephrine. Quorum sensing molecule AI-3, and host stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine bind to the bacterium membrane receptor (QseC); this in turn triggers the phosphorylation of the response regulator QseB, which stimulates the expression of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) genes, motility genes (flhDC), and Shiga toxin (StxAB). LEE genes will encode for the type three secretion system (TTSS) and promote attaching effacing lesions on host cell membranes.