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Visualization of desorption crater on a red ink slide. Each spot was sprayed for 5 s for the following tested parameters: distance between emitter and orifice in μm; orifice diameter in μm; voltage in kV; solvent flow rate in μL/min; gas pressure in bar; shape of the distal tip and inner diameter of emitter in μm; solvent; and grounding of metal cap. Total impact surface area of the empty craters was calculated and is shown in μm2.
