Table 1.
Characteristics of sepsis hospitalizations with and without multiple sclerosis
| Variables | Multiple sclerosisa | Non-multiple sclerosisa | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 1687 | n = 281,338 | ||
| Age, years | < 0.0001 | ||
| 18–44 | 227 (13.5) | 30,630 (10.9) | |
| 45–64 | 869 (51.5) | 90,844 (32.3) | |
| ≥ 65 | 591 (35.0) | 159,864 (56.8) | |
| Genderb | |||
| Female | 1119 (68.3) | 128,993 (50.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Race/ethnicity | < 0.0001 | ||
| White | 1077 (63.8) | 146,142 (51.9) | |
| Hispanic | 247 (14.6) | 75,235 (26.7) | |
| Black | 257 (15.2) | 36,783 (13.1) | |
| Other | 106 (6.3) | 23,116 (8.2) | |
| Health insurance | < 0.0001 | ||
| Private | 507 (30.0) | 91,957 (32.7) | |
| Medicare | 1001 (59.3) | 140,174 (49.8) | |
| Medicaid | 133 (7.9) | 20,953 (7.4) | |
| Uninsured | 34 (2.0) | 24,317 (8.6) | |
| Other | 12 (0.7) | 3592 (1.3) | |
| Deyo comorbidity indexc | 1.6 (1.7) | 2.7 (2.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Selected comorbidities | |||
| Chronic lung disease | 343 (20.3) | 75,230 (26.7) | < 0.0001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 242 (14.3) | 87,544 (31.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Renal disease | 265 (15.7) | 94,216 (33.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 436 (25.8) | 112,636 (40.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Malignancy | 84 (5.0) | 40,417 (14.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Liver disease | 53 (3.1) | 33,938 (12.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Site of infection | |||
| Respiratory | 535 (31.7) | 105,601 (37.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Urinary | 1078 (63.9) | 103,365 (36.7) | < 0.0001 |
| Abdominal | 135 (8.0) | 34,813 (12.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Skin and soft tissue | 114 (6.8) | 27,964 (9.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Device-related | 78 (4.6) | 6915 (2.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Otherd | 106 (6.3) | 15,383 (5.5) | 0.1509 |
| Septic Shock | 990 (58.7) | 167,808 (59.6) | 0.4526 |
| Number of organ dysfunctionsc | 2.3 (1.4) | 2.7 (1.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Type of organ dysfunctions | |||
| Respiratory | 826 (49.0) | 152,684 (54.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular | 1050 (62.2) | 180,694 (64.2) | 0.0876 |
| Renal | 781 (46.3) | 172,187 (61.2) | < 0.0001 |
| Hepatic | 56 (3.3) | 24,905 (8.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Hematological | 217 (12.9) | 58,772 (20.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Neurological | 548 (32.5) | 778,873 (27.7) | < 0.0001 |
| ICU admission | 788 (46.7) | 129,370 (46.0) | 0.5652 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 505 (29.9) | 98,361 (35.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Hemodialysis | 63 (3.7) | 35,812 (12.7) | < 0.0001 |
| Blood transfusion | 257 (15.2) | 55,891 (19.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Teaching hospital | 401 (23.8) | 78,549 (27.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Hospital disposition | |||
| In-hospital death | 224 (13.3) | 65,213 (23.2) | < 0.0001 |
| Hospice | 117 (6.9) | 22,921 (8.1) | 0.0716 |
| Home | 528 (31.3) | 100,604 (35.8) | 0.0001 |
| Another acute care hospital | 47 (2.8) | 10,244 (3.6) | 0.0785 |
| Post-acute care facilitye | 764 (45.3) | 80,254 (28.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Leave against medical advise | 7 (0.4) | 2102 (0.7) | 0.1401 |
aThe parenthesized figures represent percents, except for Deyo comorbidity index and number of organ dysfunctions; Percentage figures may not add to 100 due to rounding
bGender was missing for 51 (3.0%) hospitalizations with multiple sclerosis arthritis and for 24,943 (8.9%) hospitalizations. without multiple sclerosis; the percent figures for gender in each column refer to that column's denominator for gender
cMean (standard deviation [SD])
dOther sites of infection include endocarditis, blood, genital, bone and joint, and the central nervous system
ePost-acute care facilities include: long-term care hospitals, inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing facilities, and nursing homes