TABLE 6.

Differences in adjusted mean cervical spinal cord gray matter areas between post‐polio syndrome patients with upper limb involvement during the acute infection and healthy control persons and between patients without upper limb involvement during the acute infection and healthy control persons

GM area (mm2) at intervertebral disc level	Group	Estimate a /SE	95% CI for the estimate a	Adjusted b mean GM area (mm2)/SE	p Value First rater	p Value Additional rater
C2/C3	With UL involvement	−1.14/0.64	(−2.45, 0.17)	14.38/0.52	0.086	0.104
	Without UL involvement	−0.91/0.74	(−2.42, 0.59)	14.60/0.63	0.226	0.305
	Controls			15.51/0.40
C3/C4	With UL involvement	−3.71/0.72	(−5.16, −2.25)	15.61/0.58	<0.001	<0.001
	Without UL involvement	−2.02/0.82	(−3.70, −0.35)	17.29/0.69	0.019	0.078
	Controls			19.32/0.44
C4/C5	With UL involvement	−4.07/0.66	(−5.40, −2.74)	16.65/0.53	<0.001	<0.001
	Without UL involvement	−2.19/0.73	(−3.68, −0.70)	18.53/0.62	0.005	0.008
	Controls			20.71/0.39
C5/C6	With UL involvement	−3.69/1.02	(−5.78, −1.62)	16.40/0.83	0.001	0.002
	Without UL involvement	−2.22/1.15	(−4.55, 0.11)	17.88/0.96	0.061	0.218
	Controls			20.10/0.61
C6/C7	With UL involvement	−2.04/1.06	(−4.18, 0.11)	15.49/0.86	0.063	0.028
	Without UL involvement	−1.38/1.18	(−3.78, 1.02)	16.15/0.99	0.250	0.150
	Controls			17.53/0.63

The values in bold type denote significant p‐values.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GM, gray matter; SE, standard error; UL, upper limb.

^a The estimate equals the difference between a level and the reference level (controls),

^b Means are least‐square means with adjustment for age and sex using linear regression.