TABLE 7.
Differences in adjusted mean spinal cord gray matter areas of patients reporting upper limb worsening as part of their post‐polio syndrome versus healthy control persons, and of patients reporting stable upper limb function versus healthy control persons
| GM area (mm2) at intervertebral disc level | Group | Estimate a /SE | 95% CI for the estimate a | Adjusted b mean GM area (mm2)/SE |
p Value First rater |
p Value Additional rater |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2/C3 | Worsening | −1.31/0.59 | (−2.52, −0.11) | 14.20/0.45 | 0.033 | 0.054 |
| Stable | −0.24/0.88 | (−2.03, 1.55) | 15.27/0.79 | 0.785 | 0.783 | |
| Control | 15.52/0.39 | |||||
| C3/C4 | Worsening | −3.47/0.67 | (−4.84, −2.10) | 15.85/0.52 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Stable | −1.70/1.00 | (−3.74, 0.33) | 17.62/0.90 | 0.099 | 0.174 | |
| Control | 19.33/0.45 | |||||
| C4/C5 | Worsening | −4.04/0.57 | (−5.20, −2.89) | 16.68/0.44 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Stable | −1.14/0.83 | (−2.82, 0.54) | 19.59/0.75 | 0.177 | 0.246 | |
| Control | 20.73/0.37 | |||||
| C5/C6 | Worsening | −4.02/0.89 | (−5.82, −2.22) | 16.09/0.68 | <0.001 | 0.003 |
| Stable | −0.44/1.29 | (−3.06, 2.18) | 19.67/1.16 | 0.734 | 0.866 | |
| Control | 20.12/0.57 | |||||
| C6/C7 | Worsening | −2.78/0.92 | (−4.45, −0.70) | 14.96/0.71 | 0.009 | 0.002 |
| Stable | 0.51/1.34 | (−2.22, 3.24) | 18.05/1.21 | 0.706 | 0.810 | |
| Control | 17.54/0.60 |
The values in bold type denote significant p‐values
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GM, gray matter; SE, standard error.
a
The estimate equals the difference between a level and the reference level (controls),
b
Means are least‐square means with adjustment for age and sex using linear regression.