Table 4.
The effects of different treatments on sperm count, motility and morphology index, fructose, FSH, LH and testosterone levels, mannosidase activity, and oxidative stress markers.
| Control | PEE | CWE | PEE/CWE | Dexa | Dexa + PEE | Dexa + CWE | Dexa + PEE/CWE | ||
|
Sperm Count
(106/mL) |
178 ± 8.83 | 189 ± 5.66 * | 163 ± 8.66 | 169 ± 3.41 | 206 ± 4.24 * | 168 ± 7.07 #,a | 185 ± 5.55 #,a | 200 ± 1.14 *,# | |
|
Morphology Index
(%) |
90.0 ± 5.0 | 92.5 ± 3.5 | 90.0 ± 0.0 | 82.5 ± 4.04 | 75.0 ± 0.0 * | 90.9 ± 2.35 # | 85.6 ± 7.07 # | 85.5 ± 3.5 # | |
|
Motility Type
(%) |
Progressive | 86.65 ± 4.71 | 90.00 ± 0.00 | 85.00 ± 4.08 | 90.00 ± 0.00 | 47.50 ± 6.45 * | 85.00 ± 1.07 #,a | 90.75 ± 2.50 # | 93.32 ± 2.35 *,# |
| Non-progressive | 13.32 ± 4.01 | 10.00± 0.00 | 15.00 ± 4.08 | 10.00 ± 0.00 | 52.54 ± 6.45 * | 15.00 ± 2.07 #,a | 10.00 ± 1.08 #,a | 6.65 ± 2.05 *,# | |
|
Motility
(%) |
1st h | 92.0 ± 4.5 | 90.0 ± 0.00 | 85.0 ± 7.07 | 90.0 ± 0.00 | 45.0 ± 5.77 * | 87.0 ± 10.61 # | 93.3 ± 2.35 #,a | 87.5 ± 2.53 # |
| 2nd h | 65.0 ± 8.14 | 67.5 ± 7.68 | 50.5 ± 9.85 | 53.1 ± 7.07 | 11.7 ± 2.07 * | 42.5 ± 10.6 *,# | 75.5 ± 13.43 # | 72.1 ± 10.60 # | |
| 3rd h | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 5.0 ± 0.0 | 5.0 ± 0.0 | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 0.0 + 0.0 * | 5.0 ± 0.0 # | 5.1 ± 0.0 # | 5.5 ± 0.0 # | |
|
Serum Fructose level
(mg/dL) |
124.34 ± 10.15 | 145.57 ± 13.96 | 148.67 ± 4.34* | 150.88 ± 8.75 * | 85.13 ± 8.799 * | 136.73 ± 6.68 # | 133.19 ± 10.35 # | 143.36 ± 5.01 *,# | |
|
Seminal Fructose level
(mg/g tissue) |
148.23± 8.59 | 150.50 ± 8.28 | 156.08 ± 6.78 | 163.71 ± 8.23 | 115.79 ± 7.26 * | 145.13 ± 4.09 # | 139.38 ± 3.64 # | 143.36 ± 4.90 # | |
|
α-Mannosidase activity
(U/mg protein) |
0.18 ± 0.011 | 0.17 ± 0.017 | 0.18 ± 0.014 | 0.18 ± 0.018 | 0.13 ± 0.012 * | 0.16 ± 0.016 # | 0.15 ± 0.030 # | 0.17 ± 0.016 # | |
|
FSH
(μIU/mL) |
49.5 ± 1.80 | 48.4 ± 1.71 | 61.6 ± 4.04 * | 67.65 ± 2.93 * | 11 ± 1.41 * | 43.9 ± 3.88 #,a | 53.1 ± 2.34 # | 50.8 ± 0.93 # | |
|
LH
(μIU/mL) |
37.17 ± 2.02 | 38.5 ± 0.99 | 45.03 ± 2.88 * | 44.425 ± 4.49 * | 13.67± 2.05 * | 27.47 ± 1.6 *,#,a | 38.83 ± 1.02 *,# | 34.2 ± 1.04 # | |
|
Testosterone
(ng/dL) |
2.51 ± 0.30 | 2.19 ± 0.19 | 2.23 ± 0.30 | 2.39 ± 0.41 | 0.91 ± 0.10 * | 1.05 ± 0.11* | 1.29 ± 0.25 * | 1.51 ± 0.17 *,# | |
|
MDA
(μmol/mg protein) |
0.883 ± 0.19 | 0.819 ± 0.06 | 0.654 ± 0.24 | 0.325 ± 0.05 * | 3.064 ± 0.42 * | 0.821 ± 0.12 # | 0.703 ± 0.15 # | 0.726 ± 0.11 # | |
|
GSH
(mM/mg protein) |
3.83 ± 0.20 | 3.79 ± 0.18 | 3.71 ± 0.32 | 3.99± 0.44 | 2.11± 0.18 * | 3.31 ± 0.25 *,# | 3.28 ± 0.13 *,#,a | 3.70 ± 0.18 # | |
|
GPx activity
(U/mg protein) |
4.61 ± 0.31 | 4.09 ± 0.30 | 4.38 ± 0.29 | 4.91 ± 0.24 | 1.27 ± 0.21 * | 3.6 ± 0.24 *,# | 3.7 ± 0.2 *,# | 3.4 ± 0.17 *,# | |
|
GST activity
(U/mg protein) |
1.87 ± 0.05 | 1.80 ± 0.07 | 1.78 ± 0.06 | 1.85 ± 0.09 | 1.0 ± 0.03 * | 1.66 ± 0.09 *,# | 1.58 ± 0.07 *,#a | 1.76 ± 0.09 # | |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD of six rats. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (* p < 0.05 vs. control group, # p < 0.05 vs. Dexa group, and a p < 0.05 vs. DEXA + PEE + CWE group).