Table 1.

Examples of SERS substrates based on their characteristics.

SERS Substrate	Enhancement Factor (EF)	Analyte	Limit of Detection (LOD)	Ref.
Ag nanoparticles/microporous silicon	-	rhodamine 6G	10−9 M	[29]
Au nanothorns/macroporous silicon	108	crystal violet	10−12–10−15 M	[30]
Ag nanoparticles/silicon nanopillars	1011	acetone	0.0037 ng	[31]
Au nanoparticles/mesoporous silicon	-	benzenethio	10−6 M	[32]
Ag nanoparticles/mesoporous silicon	2.8 × 108	p-thiocresol	5.2 × 10−9 M	[33]