Table 1.
Individual patient outcome and overview of all the included articles.
| Case | Author | Age/Gender | Location | Primary/Mets/Radiation Induced/Recurrence | CPS | Histopathology | Tumor size (cm) | Primary treatment | Outcome | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IF radiation induced | Grade | Type | Surgery | Chemotherapy | Radiation | Recurrence | PFS | OS | status | ||||||||||
| Site of Initial Radiation Therapy | Dosage | Time before diagnosis | Yes/No | Type of surgery | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | Alleyne et al., 200015 | 16/F | TF | Primary | -- | -- | Headache /confusion/Intracranial hemorrhage | -- | Fibroblastic | 2×2 | Yes | -- | MTX, LCVN, BLMN, VCR | -- | No | 11 | 11 | D | |
| 2 | Ashkan et al., 199816 | 32 / M | PTF | primary | -- | -- | Headache, diplopia CN3 Palsy | -- | Osteoblastic | -- | Yes | GTR | CPN, DXCN, IFD, ETD | No | No | 11 | 11 | A | |
| 3 | Chennupati et al., 200812 | 14/F | Rt Hypoglossal canal, SS | primary | -- | -- | tongue deviation, dysphagia, hoarseness, headache, Rt CNX/ XI/ XII Psy | High | -- | -- | No | -- | CPN, DXCN, IFD, ETD, MTX, Intrathecal(MTX) | Yes, Total 7000 cGy | No | 11 | 12 | A | |
| 4 | Echchikhi et al., 201617 | 29/M | SB, TB, MX, TL | RI | Undifferentiated carcinoma of the nasopharynx. | 70 Gy | 11 years | headache, homolateral facial pain, numbness, diplopia, exophthalmia | -- | -- | -- | No | -- | IFD, CPN, DXCN | No | No | 1 | D | |
| 5 | Ellison et al., 199618 | 11/F | PF, ST, CS, SS, SB, left MSB | Primary | -- | -- | left ear pain, loss of vision, proptosis and pain of the left eye, VI CN palsy. | -- | Chondroblastic | -- | Yes | STR | MTX, LCVN, CPN, ADMN | Yes | No | -- | 2 | A | |
| 6 | Guo et al., 20174 | 28/M | Asb, ms, es, orbit | primary | -- | -- | Epistaxis | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | No | No | Yes | -- | 22 | D | |
| 7 | Guo et al., 20174 | 37/M | Msb, mn, ppf | primary | -- | -- | Facial lumps | -- | Osteoblastic | -- | Yes | NTR | No | Yes | Yes | -- | 38 | D | |
| 8 | Guo et al., 20174 | 52/M | ASB, MX | primary | -- | -- | Facial lumps | -- | -- | 15 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | -- | 20 | D | |
| 9 | Guo et al., 20174 | 25/F | ASB, MX, MS | primary | -- | -- | Epistaxis | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | No | Yes | yes | -- | 40 | D | |
| 10 | Guo et al., 20174 | 22/F | MSB, IF | primary | -- | -- | Facial lumps | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | -- | 132 | A | |
| 11 | Guo et al., 20174 | 52/F | MSB, MN, IF | primary | -- | -- | Facial lumps | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | No | No | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| 12 | Guo et al., 20174 | 48/M | ASB, ES | primary | -- | -- | Headache | -- | Chondroblastic | -- | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | -- | 28 | D | |
| 13 | Guo et al., 20174 | 14/F | ASB, MS, IF | primary | -- | -- | Facial lumps | -- | osteoblastic | -- | Yes | GTR | No | No | Yes | -- | 18 | D | |
| 14 | Guo et al., 20174 | 45/M | PSB, Clivus region | primary | -- | -- | Headache | -- | osteoblastic | -- | Yes | NTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | -- | 50 | D | |
| 15 | Guo et al., 20174 | 11/M | MSB, PSB, IF, PS | primary | -- | -- | Exophthalmos | -- | osteoblastic | -- | Yes | NTR | No | No | No | -- | 3 | D | |
| 16 | Guo et al., 20174 | 55/m | ASB-MSB, Orbit, IF, PS | primary | -- | -- | Toothache, loose teeth | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| 17 | Guo et al., 20174 | 15/M | MSB-PSB, PS | primary | -- | -- | Dysphagia | -- | chondroblastic | 5.5 | Yes | NTE | No | Yes | Yes | -- | 10 | D | |
| 18 | Guo et al., 20174 | 41/M | Asb-msb, mx, if, ps | primary | -- | -- | Toothache, loose teeth | -- | -- | 10 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | -- | 25 | D | |
| 19 | Guo et al., 20174 | 24/M | Asb, ms | primary | -- | -- | Neoplasm in gums | -- | -- | 3.7 | Yes | GTR | No | Yes | Yes | 59 | 59 | A | |
| 20 | Guo et al., 20174 | 31/M | Asb, es | primary | -- | -- | Exophthalmos | -- | chondroblastic | 4.5 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | 54 | 54 | A | |
| 21 | Guo et al., 20174 | 41/F | Msb, if | primary | -- | -- | Facial lumps | -- | chondroblastic | 7 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | 44 | 44 | A | |
| 22 | Guo et al., 20174 | 36/M | Asb, es, ms | primary | -- | -- | Epistaxis | -- | -- | 6.5 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | Yes | -- | 52 | A | |
| 23 | Guo et al., 20174 | 17/M | Asb-msb, mn, if | primary | -- | -- | Toothache, loose teeth | -- | -- | 15 | Yes | GTR | No | No | Yes | -- | 12 | D | |
| 24 | Guo et al., 20174 | 55/F | Msb-psb, ss, clival | primary | -- | -- | Diplopia | -- | -- | 6 | Yes | STR | Yes | Yes | Yes | 5 | 5 | A | |
| 25 | Hadley et al., 201419 | 14/M | MS, ES, SS, ASB, clivus | Primary | -- | -- | Epistaxis, Eye pain | -- | chondroblastic | 4.9 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | No | 12 | 12 | A | |
| 26 | Hettmer et al., 200220 | 31/F | ASB, NC, ES, FS, orbit | primary | -- | -- | Headache, exophthalmos | -- | -- | -- | yes | STR | ADMN, MTX, CPN, IFD (COSS86) | No | Yes | 27 | 27 | LFU | |
| 27 | kachhara et al., 199921 | 38/M | ASB, MSB, SS, clivus | primary | -- | -- | Diplopia/CN VI palsy | -- | -- | 4 | Yes | GTR | ADMN, IFD, CPN | yes (55 Gy) | No | 18 | 18 | A | |
| 28 | Lin et al., 200522 | 15/F | Orbit, MSB, IF | Metastatic | -- | -- | exophthalmos | -- | Osteoblastic | -- | Yes | embolization, STR | MTX | Yes (4000 cGy) | No | 11 | 24 | LFU | |
| 29 | Lee et al., 200123 | 37/F | Sb, TB, FO, ZB | primary | -- | -- | diplopia | High | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | DXCN, VCN, CFD, PDN (CHOP) | No | No | 12 | 12 | A | |
| 30 | Mathkour et al., 201624 | 29/M | Clivus, SS | Primary | -- | -- | Headache | High | -- | 2.7×2.5×3.2 | Yes | GTR | Yes | Yes | No | 24 | 24 | A | |
| 31 | Meel et al., 201225 | 10/M | SB greater wing | Primary | -- | -- | Exophthalmos | -- | -- | -- | Yes | STR | DXCN, CPN | yes (50 Gy) | No | 18 | 18 | A | |
| 32 | Mohadjer et al., 200426 | 23/m | Bilateral orbits, SB | Metastatic | -- | -- | exophthalmos | -- | Telangiectatic | -- | NO | -- | Yes | Yes | No | -- | 46 | D | |
| 33 | Mohindra et al., 201427 | 55/M | Clivus | primary | -- | -- | Headache, nasal obstruction | High | -- | -- | yes | GTR | ADMN, CFD, VCN | YES (4500 cGy) | No | 12 | 12 | A | |
| 34 | Patel et al., 20117 | 54/M | SB, FB, TB | RI | Lt maxillary and orbital adenoid cystic carcinoma | 60 | 12 | -- | -- | -- | 6×6 | Yes | STR | Yes | No | No | -- | 13 | D |
| 35 | Patel et al., 20117 | 63/M | Palate, MS | RI | Nasal cavity squamous cell carcinoma | -- | 4.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | No | -- | 47 | D |
| 36 | Patel et al., 20117 | 50/M | MX, IF | RI | Lt nasal squamous cell carcinoma | -- | 14 | -- | -- | -- | 2.5×2.5 | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | No | -- | 67 | A |
| 37 | Patel et al., 20117 | 44/F | SS, ES, parasailer region, MSB | RI | Craniopharyngioma | 60 | 9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | NO | -- | Yes | No | No | -- | 16 | D |
| 38 | Patel et al., 20117 | 15/M | zygoma | RI | Bilateral retinoblastoma | -- | 15 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | No | -- | 62 | D |
| 39 | Patel et al., 20117 | 22/M | MS, ES | RI | Rt retinoblastoma | -- | 20 | -- | -- | -- | 5×5×7 | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | No | -- | 2 | LFU |
| 40 | Patel et al., 20117 | 10/M | mastoid and jugular foramen | RI | Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma | 50.4 | 6.75 | -- | -- | -- | 4.5×3×4.3 | Yes | STR | Yes | Yes | No | -- | 29 | D |
| 41 | Patel et al., 20117 | 31/M | palate, IF, MSB | RI | Rhabdomyosarcoma | 60 | 18 | -- | -- | -- | 4×4×4 | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | No | -- | 143 | D |
| 42 | Patel et al., 20117 | 26/M | orbit, ASB, ES | RI | Bilateral retinoblastoma | 35 | 25 | -- | -- | -- | 3×2.5×2.5 | Yes | GTR | Yes | No | No | -- | 41 | D |
| 43 | Kohyama et al., 201528 | 43/F | ASB | primary | -- | -- | Supraorbital mass | -- | osteoblastic | 1.8×2.5 | yes | GTR | CPN, IFD, CBPN, ETD | No | No | 24 | 24 | A | |
| 44 | Whitehead et al., 199829 | 48/M | SB, MSB, PF, | Primary | -- | -- | temporal pain, blurred vision | High | Telangiectatic | -- | Yes | -- | CPN, DXCN | Yes | No | 4 | 4 | A | |
| 45 | Yamada et al., 201230 | 75/F | SS, CS | RI | Pituitary adenoma | 50 | 20 | Headache | -- | -- | -- | yes (3 times) | STR | iFD, CPN, ETD | Yes | No | 24 | 24 | A |
| 46 | Hazarika et al., 199531 | 19/F | SB, FB | primary | -- | -- | headache, Exomphalos | -- | Telangiectatic | 4×5 | yes | STR | -- | -- | Prog | 12 | 15 | A | |
| 47 | Yamada et al., 201332 | 78/F | SS, ES, CS | Primary | -- | -- | Headache | -- | -- | -- | Yes | STR | No | Yes | No | 8 | 8 | A | |
| 48 | Amine et al., 197633 | 26/F | Sella | RI | Pituitary adenoma | 51 | 10 | DLC | -- | -- | -- | yes | STR | No | Yes | prog | -- | 1.25 | D |
| 49 | Tanaka et al., 198934 | 57/M | SB | RI | Craniopharyngioma |
110 | 15 | change in memory and mental statuse | -- | -- | -- | Yes | embolization, STR | No | No | prog | -- | 0.5 | D |
| 50 | Salvati et al., 199335 | 45/M | SB | RI | Pituitary adenoma | 44 | 12 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes | STR | -- | Yes (50 Gy) | prog | 13 | 16 | D |
| 51 | Gnanalingham et al., 200236 | 67/F | Sella | RI | Pituitary adenoma | 52 | 14 | bitemporal hemianopsia and headache | High | -- | -- | yes | -- | No | No | prog | -- | -- | -- |
| 52 | Bembo et al., 200437 | 45/M | Sella | RI | Pituitary adenoma | 46 | 5 | headache, visual loss | -- | -- | -- | yes | -- | No | No | Prog | 1.5 | 1.75 | D |
| 53 | Patel et al., 201438 | 52/M | Sella + clivus | RI | Craniopharyngioma |
50 | 22 | Headache, sinusitis | -- | osteoblastic | -- | yes | -- | No | No | Prog | -- | 1 | D |
| 54 | Sundaresan et al., 198539 | 13/ F | Skull base (Not Specified) | Primary | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | yes | STR | MTX | No | No | 66 | 66 | A | |
| 55 | Mark et al., 199140 | 14/ M | ASB | Primary | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | yes | yes | prog | -- | 12 | D | |
| 56 | Potepan et al., 199945 | 13/ F | SB | Metastatic | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | MTX, VCN, CPN, IFD | No | prog | 7 | 12 | D | |
| 57 | Gadwal et al., 20012 | 9/ M | sphenoid | Primary | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | No | yes | prog | -- | 9 | D | |
| 58 | Kornreic et al., 198846 | 11/ F | MSB | Metastatic | -- | -- | Exomphalos | -- | osteoblastic | -- | yes | STR | YES | Yes | No | 24 | 24 | A | |
| 59 | Ohno et al., 201147 | 14/ F | ASB | Primary | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | yes | STR | yes | No | prog | -- | 26 | D | |
| 60 | Sen et al., 200548 | 28 y/F | SB, MSB, IF | Primary | -- | -- | exophthalmos, temporal bossing | -- | -- | yes | STR | No | No | No | 1 | 1 | A | ||
| 61 | Hayashi et al., 200049 | 28 y/M | Orbit, SB | Primary | -- | -- | Headacehe, exophthalmos | -- | -- | -- | yes | GTR | MTX/CPN/tetrahydropyranyl-Adriamycin | Yes (50 Gy) | prog | 2 | 10 | D | |
| 62 | Marks et al., 198750 | 59/F | SB | Primary | -- | -- | tender enlarged mass | grade II | -- | 7 | yes | GTR | -- | No | No | 16 | 16 | A | |
| 63 | Kleinsasser et al., 195741 | 48/F | Sella | primary | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes | STR | No | No | Prog | -- | 0.2 | D | |
| 64 | Reichenthal et al., 198151 | 22/M | Floor and anterior clinoid process of sella turcica | primary | -- | -- | headache, diplopia, bilateral XI CN palsy | -- | -- | -- | Yes | Biopsy | Yes | Yes | No | 19 | 19 | A | |
| 65 | Park et al., 199542 | 56/F | Clivus | primary | -- | -- | Headache, and visual disturbance/L lateral gaze limitation | Low | Fibroblastic | -- | Yes | -- | No | No | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| 66 | Geetha et al., 199843 | 38 /M | Sellar-suprasellar mass involving sphenoid sinus | primary | -- | -- | Diplopia and obesity/ decreased visual acuity | -- | -- | -- | Yes | STR | Yes | No | No | 12 | 12 | A | |
| 67 | Uysal et al., 200144 | 17/M | Nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and extending to clivus | primary | -- | -- | Epistaxis/L CN VII palsy | -- | Chondroblastic | -- | Yes | -- | No | Yes | No | 46 | 46 | A | |
PTF = Pituitary Fossa; TF = Temporal Fossa; SS = Sphenoid Sinus; SB = Sphenoid Bone; TB = Temporal Bone; TL = Temporal Lobe; MX = Maxilla; CS = Cavernous sinus; PPF = Pterygopalatine Fossa; ST = Sella Turcica; MS = Maxillary Sinus; MSB = Meddle Skull Base; IF = Infratemporal Fossa; ES = Ethmoidal Sinus; Ethmoidal Sinus; PSB = Posterior Skull Base; PS = Parapharyngeal Space; MN = Mandible; NC = Nasal Cavity; FO = Fronto-Orbital; ZB = Zygomatic Bone; SO = Supra-Orbital; OA = Orbital Apex; SOF = Superior Orbital Fissure; FB = Frontal Bone; CPS = Chief Presenting Symptoms; DOS = Duration of Symptoms; GTR = Gross-Total Resection; NTR = Near-Total Resection; STR = Subtotal Resection; VCR = Vincristine; BLMN = Bleomycin; MTX = Methotrexate; LCVN = Leucovorin; CPN = Cisplatin; DXCN = Doxorubicin; IFD = Ifosfamide; ETD = Etoposide; ADMN = Adriamycin; CFD = Cyclophosphamide; PDN = Prednisone; PFS = Progression- Free Survival; OS = Overall Survival; RI, Radiation Induced