Figure 4.

Influence of CNS insulin on the periphery. CNS insulin has been shown to have many impacts on peripheral metabolism including increasing blood glucose, decreasing blood insulin, and decreasing food intake. Some of these impacts may be regulated by the sympathetic effect of insulin on liver glucose production and/or adipose tissue regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis. Many of these influences impact insulin BBB transport, such as serum triglyceride and insulin level, which ultimately affects CNS insulin level.