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. 2022 Jun 22;10(7):1480. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071480

Table 2.

Progress of symptoms and lung disease at the end of follow-up in 57 patients with RA-ILD treated with abatacept.

Variable Baseline 12 Months End of Follow-Up p-Value
Baseline vs. 12 Months
p-Value Baseline vs. End of Follow-Up
Follow-up in months, median (RIC) - 12.6 (11.9–12.8) 27.3 (12.2–42.8) - -
Lung function
Oxygen saturation, mean (SD) 95.9 (2.4) 95.3 (3.6) 95.1 (3.9) 0.340 0.171
Pulmonary function tests
FVC predicted (%), mean (SD) 76.5 (18.2) 76.3 (16.1) 75.7 (14.4) 0.990 0.883
FVC < 80%, n (%) 24 (42.1) 22 (43.1) 27 (47.3) 0.690 0.202
FVC ≥ 80%, n (%) 33 (57.9) 29 (56.8) 30 (52.6) 0.690 0.202
FEV1 predicted (%), mean (SD) 85.9 (10.4) 85.1 (19.1) 84.7 (13.9) 0.560 0.364
DLCO-SB predicted (%), mean (SD) 62.5 (16.5) 60.6 (16.0) 59.7 (15.7) 0.340 0.133
Clinical course
Progression, n (%) 25 (43.8) * 10 (19.6) 13 (22.8) 0.014 0.036
Stabilization, n (%) 29 (50.8) * 34 (66.6) 38 (66.7)
Improvement, n (%) 3 (5.3) * 7 (13.7) 6 (10.5)
HRCT
Radiological type 0.540 0.297
UIP, n (%) 34 (59.6) 31 (60.7) 36 (63.2)
NSIP, n (%) 18 (31.6) 16 (31.3) 16 (28.1)
Fibrotic NSIP, n (%) 5 (8.8) 4 (7.8) 5 (8.8)
Clinical course 0.019 0.028
Progression, n (%) 20 (35.0) * 10 (19.6) 13 (22.8)
Stabilization, n (%) 34 (59.6) * 35 (68.6) 39 (68.4)
Improvement, n (%) 3 (5.3) * 6 (11.7) 5 (8.8)
Overall progress of lung disease ** 0.010 0.019
Improvement, n (%) 3 (5.3) * 7 (13.7) 6 (10.5)
Stabilization, n (%) 28 (48.4) * 34 (66.6) 35 (61.4)
Worsening, n (%) 26 (45.6) * 10 (17.5) 13 (22.8)
Death, n (%) - - 3 (5.3)
Inflammatory activity
DAS28, mean (SD) 3.8 (1.5) 3.0 (1.6) 3.1 (1.2) 0.019 0.024
C-reactive protein (mg/dl), median (IQR) 7.0 (5.0–17.7) 3.6 (2.4–10.1) 3.3 (2.6–7.9) 0.041 0.018
ESR (mm/h), median (IQR) 33.0 (15.0–47.0) 19.0 (6.0–32.0) 20.0 (8.0–29.0) 0.045 0.046
HAQ, median (IQR) 1.0 (0.2–1.8) 1.0 (0.3–1.8) 1.1 (0.6–1.9) 0.629 0.424
Corticosteroids, n (%) 39 (68.4) 30 (58.8) 28 (48.4) 0.360 0.040

Abbreviations: RA: rheumatoid arthritis; ILD: interstitial lung disease; DMARD: disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in the first second; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; UIP: usual interstitial pneumonia; NSIP: nonspecific interstitial pneumonia; HRCT: high-resolution computed tomography; DAS28: 28-joint Disease Activity Score; CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire; * Data from baseline vs. date of diagnosis of ILD; ** Progression of lung disease overall taking into account HRCT and pulmonary function testing (FCV and DLCO). Pulmonary function tests considered progression (decrease in FVC > 10% or in DLCO > 15), stabilization (no progression or increase in FVC < 10% or in DLCO < 15%) and improvement (FVC ≥ 10% or DLCO ≥ 15%). HRCT considered progression (extension ≥ 20%), stabilization (extension < 20%) and improvement (decrease in extension).

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