Table 2.
Literature reports on the anticancer applications of MXenes and composites.
MXene/Composite | Anticancer Strategy | Advantages | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Nb2C nanosheets | Photothermal therapy | The surface-engineered Nb2C nanosheets feature low phototoxicity, high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and efficient in vivo photothermal ablation. | [45] |
V2C Quantum dots | Photothermal therapy | V2C QDs photothermal agent combined with the low-temperature nucleus-targeted photothermal therapy mediated by engineered exosome vector for effective tumor eradication. | [73] |
CGDSTC NSs | Photodynamic therapy | Sodium ascorbate and dopamine-modified Ti3C2Tx nanosheets conjugated with glucose oxidase and chlorin e6 photosensitizer for the efficient killing of cancer cells through cooperative effect. | [74] |
Ti3C2Tx-PVP@DOXjade | Chemo-photothermal therapy | The photoactivated DOXjade at the Ti3C2Tx-PVP results in iron chelation and chemotherapeutic functions at the tumor sites. The MXene platform achieved a photothermal conversion efficiency of 40%. |
[76] |
Delaminated Ti3CN | Photothermal therapy | The photonic hyperthermia resulted in highly efficient tumor-killing both in vitro and in vivo. | [78] |
Fe-Ti3C2Tx | Chemodynamic, MIR, and photothermal therapy | Effective against MKN45 tumor in Balb/c nude mice. | [79] |
Ti3C2Tx-GOX-CPO/TPZ | Macrophage-mediated phagocytosis | A combination of enzyme dynamic therapy, tumor phototherapy, and hypoxia-activated chemotherapy for efficient tumor eradication. | [80] |
2D ultra-thin Ti3C2Tx | Photothermal therapy | Efficient photothermal therapy against MDA-231 breast cancer cells. | [81] |
2D Nb2C MXenes | Chemo-photothermal therapy | A “therapeutic mesopore” layer is constructed on the surface of 2D Nb2C MXene, thereby supplementing the photothermal therapy with chemotherapy for enhanced ablation of U87 cancer cell line. | [82] |
Mo2C nanospheres | Photodynamic-photothermal therapy | Biocompatible and multifunctional theranostic platform with minimal tissue toxicity for effective in vivo tumor depiction. | [83] |