Table 1. CMR results by the age-group in healthy subjects.
| Variables | Age group (yr) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 to 30 (n = 24) | 50 to 59 (n = 27) | 60 to 70 (n = 24) | p-value | ||
| Age (yr) | 26.0 ± 3.3 | 54.2 ± 6.2 | 63.8 ± 2.9 | - | |
| Women | 13 (54.2) | 6 (22.2) | 7 (29.2) | 0.045* | |
| Left and right ventricular volumetry | |||||
| LVEDV (mL) | 155.4 ± 33.0 | 137.0 ± 24.8 | 131.3 ± 24.5 | < 0.001 | |
| LVEDVI (mL/m2) | 83.0 ± 13.6 | 70.9 ± 11.0 | 68.6 ± 11.0 | < 0.001 | |
| LVESV (mL) | 58.0 ± 17.2 | 53.2 ± 13.5 | 46.9 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 | |
| LVEF (%) | 62.9 ± 5.5 | 61.4 ± 6.3 | 64.0 ± 6.1 | 0.305 | |
| Stroke volume (mL) | 97.4 ± 21.1 | 83.8 ± 16.1 | 84.4 ± 18.6 | < 0.001 | |
| Stroke volume indexed (mL/m2) | 52.4 ± 9.2 | 43.3 ± 8.5 | 44.0 ± 8.4 | 0.004 | |
| LV mass (g) | 113.9 ± 32.0 | 111.4 ± 27.0 | 107.6 ± 22.1 | 0.012 | |
| LV mass indexed (g/m2) | 60.9 ± 13.6 | 57.3 ± 12.6 | 55.9 ± 8.6 | 0.007 | |
| LV mass to volume ratio (mg/mL) | 724.7 ± 74.6 | 817.7 ± 155.7 | 828.5 ± 149.5 | 0.089 | |
| RVEDV (mL) | 146.8 ± 32.9 | 126.7 ± 25.1 | 125.1 ± 30.5 | < 0.001 | |
| RVEDVI (mL/m2) | 78.3 ± 13.5 | 65.2 ± 12.9 | 65.5 ± 14.0 | < 0.001 | |
| RVESV (mL) | 59.1 ± 19.0 | 54.1 ± 13.8 | 49.4 ± 14.9 | < 0.001 | |
| RVEF (%) | 60.0 ± 7.2 | 57.3 ± 7.1 | 60.7 ± 6.0 | 0.246 | |
| Parametric mapping | |||||
| Native T1 (ms) | 993 ± 63 | 950 ± 45 | 938 ± 72 | 0.031 | |
| T2 (ms) | 44.8 ± 1.7 | 45.9 ± 2.7 | 47.2 ± 2.7 | 0.185 | |
| Measurement of the aortic stiffness | |||||
| Aortic distensibility (mmHg−1) | 9.1 ± 3.3 | 5.1 ± 2.3 | 4.5 ± 1.8 | < 0.001 | |
| Deformation parameters | |||||
| LV global radial strain (%) | 41.5 ± 6.1 | 41.4 ± 8.2 | 43.2 ± 6.5 | 0.431 | |
| LV peak systolic radial strain rate (/sec) | 2.39 ± 0.5 | 2.28 ± 0.5 | 2.34 ± 0.5 | 0.797 | |
| LV peak diastolic radial strain rate (/sec) | −2.87 ± 1.4 | −2.47 ± 1.0 | −2.06 ± 0.5 | 0.070 | |
| LV global circumferential strain (%) | −20.2 ± 2.0 | −20.6 ± 2.6 | −21.0 ± 2.5 | 0.263 | |
| LV peak systolic circumferential strain rate (/sec) | −1.20 ± 0.2 | −1.15 ± 0.2 | −1.13 ± 0.2 | 0.433 | |
| LV peak diastolic circumferential strain rate (/sec) | 1.39 ± 0.3 | 1.12 ± 0.4 | 0.96 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 | |
| LV global longitudinal strain (%) | −20.1 ± 2.5 | −19.7 ± 2.5 | −19.3 ± 2.1 | 0.763 | |
| LV peak systolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | −1.04 ± 0.2 | −1.05 ± 0.2 | −0.99 ± 0.2 | 0.443 | |
| LV peak diastolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | 1.33 ± 0.3 | 1.05 ± 0.2 | 1.00 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 | |
| RV global longitudinal strain (%) | −24.2 ± 3.9 | −22.8 ± 3.9 | −24.8 ± 3.2 | 0.203 | |
| RV peak systolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | −0.87 ± 1.4 | −1.51 ± 0.7 | −1.14 ± 0.9 | 0.062 | |
| RV peak diastolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | 1.55 ± 0.9 | 1.30 ± 0.4 | 1.37 ± 0.4 | 0.791 | |
| Biomarkers | |||||
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.42 ± 0.14 | 0.51 ± 0.23 | 0.62 ± 0.32 | 0.026 | |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 2.10 ± 0.94 | 2.15 ± 0.47 | 2.46 ± 0.74 | 0.223 | |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 1.70 ± 2.44 | 1.21 ± 1.66 | 1.33 ± 1.84 | 0.965 | |
Variables are expressed as means ± standard deviations or number (%). All values are adjusted for gender in the ANCOVA analysis. *The χ2 test used.
ANCOVA: analysis of covariance, CMR: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, hsCRP: high-sensitive C-reactive protein, IL-6: interleukin 6, LV: left ventricular, LVEDV: left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVEDVI: left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, RV: right ventricular, RVEDV: right ventricular end-diastolic volume, RVEDVI: right ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed, RVEF: right ventricular ejection fraction, RVESV: right ventricular endsystolic volume, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α.