Table 2. CMR results by diabetic status.
| Variables | Without diabetes (n = 51) | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 10) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 58.7 ± 6.9 | 61.4 ± 3.9 | 0.093 | |
| Women | 13 (25.5) | 1 (10) | 0.287* | |
| Left and right ventricular volumetry | ||||
| LVEDV (mL) | 134.4 ± 24.6 | 126.0 ± 17.4 | 0.258† | |
| LVEDVI (mL/m2) | 69.8 ± 10.9 | 58.8 ± 8.1 | 0.006† | |
| LVESV (mL) | 50.4 ± 12.5 | 49.2 ± 12.5 | 0.789 | |
| LVEF (%) | 62.6 ± 6.3 | 61.3 ± 6.3 | 0.460† | |
| Stroke volume (mL) | 84.0 ± 17.1 | 76.8 ± 9.5 | 0.200 | |
| Stroke volume indexed (mL/m2) | 43.6 ± 8.4 | 35.7 ± 3.8 | 0.004† | |
| LV mass (g) | 109.7 ± 24.8 | 113.2 ± 17.5 | 0.606† | |
| LV mass indexed (g/m2) | 56.7 ± 10.9 | 52.5 ± 6.3 | 0.111 | |
| RVEDV (mL) | 126.0 ± 27.4 | 123.3 ± 20.3 | 0.903† | |
| RVEDVI (mL/m2) | 65.3 ± 13.3 | 57.3 ± 9.7 | 0.040 | |
| RVESV (mL) | 52.0 ± 14.4 | 55.3 ± 8.3 | 0.334 | |
| RVEF (%) | 58.8 ± 6.8 | 54.9 ± 4.2 | 0.086 | |
| Parametric mapping | ||||
| Native T1 (ms) | 945 ± 59 | 952 ± 74 | 0.777 | |
| T2 (ms) | 46.7 ± 2.7 | 45.5 ± 2.8 | 0.255 | |
| Measurement of the aortic stiffness | ||||
| Aortic distensibility | 4.8 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 2.0 | 0.710 | |
| Deformation parameters | ||||
| LV global radial strain (%) | 42.2 ± 7.4 | 43.3 ± 8.7 | 0.951† | |
| LV peak systolic radial strain rate (/sec) | 2.31 ± 0.5 | 2.87 ± 1.1 | 0.013 | |
| LV peak diastolic radial strain rate (/sec) | −2.28 ± 0.8 | −2.07 ± 0.3 | 0.192 | |
| LV global circumferential strain (%) | −20.8 ± 2.6 | −21.3 ± 2.4 | 0.773† | |
| LV peak systolic circumferential strain rate (/sec) | −1.14 ± 0.2 | −1.31 ± 0.4 | 0.128† | |
| LV peak diastolic circumferential strain rate (/sec) | 1.05 ± 0.3 | 1.02 ± 0.1 | 0.699 | |
| LV global longitudinal strain (%) | −19.5 ± 2.3 | −18.6 ± 3.4 | 0.773† | |
| LV peak systolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | −1.02 ± 0.2 | −1.13 ± 0.2 | 0.184† | |
| LV peak diastolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | 1.03 ± 0.2 | 1.09 ± 0.2 | 0.275† | |
| RV global longitudinal strain (%) | −23.7 ± 3.7 | −24.8 ± 4.1 | 0.447 | |
| RV peak systolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | −1.34 ± 0.8 | −1.21 ± 1.0 | 0.685 | |
| RV peak diastolic longitudinal strain rate (/sec) | 1.33 ± 0.4 | 1.37 ± 0.5 | 0.810 | |
| Biomarkers | ||||
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.56 ± 0.29 | 0.61 ± 0.16 | 0.627 | |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 2.31 ± 0.63 | 2.30 ± 0.37 | 0.987 | |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 1.15 ± 1.44 | 1.46 ± 1.25 | 0.527 | |
Variables are expressed as means ± standard deviations.
ANCOVA: analysis of covariance, CMR: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, hsCRP: high-sensitive C-reactive protein, IL-6: interleukin 6, LV: left ventricular, LVEDV: left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVEDVI: left ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, RV: right ventricular, RVEDV: right ventricular end-diastolic volume, RVEDVI: right ventricular end-diastolic volume indexed, RVEF: right ventricular ejection fraction, RVESV: right ventricular endsystolic volume, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor α.
*The χ2 test used. †Mann-Whitney-U test was used because of a non-normal distribution in the Shapiro-Wilk-Test.