Table 1.
Summary of baseline (T0) characteristics of the study population
| N | n | HA–HL | n | Placebo | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU T0, mean of all countries, mean ± SD | 692 | 347 | 0.63 ± 0.16 | 345 | 0.61 ± 0.16 | 0.112 |
| Age, mean ± SD | 347 | 63.68 ± 8.74 | 345 | 63.77 ± 8.12 | 0.884 | |
| Sex, female (%) | 692 | 232 (66, 86) | 230 (66, 67) | 0.957 | ||
| BMI, median (IQR) | 692 | 28.96 (26.04–30.86) | 29.38 (26.99–30.82) | 0.316 | ||
| K–L grade, n (%) | 692 | 347 | 345 | 0.989 | ||
| 2 | 205 (59.08) | 204 (59.13) | ||||
| 3 | 142 (40.92) | 141 (40.87) | ||||
| VAS pain, mean ± SD | 692 | 347 | 63.53 ± 13.13 | 345 | 64.89 ± 13.87 | 0.187 |
| Lequesne index, mean ± SD | 691 | 347 | 11.40 ± 3.58 | 344 | 11.60 ± 3.58 | 0.451 |
IQR interquartile range (P25, P75). All p values are based either on the one-way ANOVA test or the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis rank test for quantitative variables, and on the Pearson’s Chi2 test for qualitative variables (sex and K–L grade)